UTIs

Question 1

cystitis symptoms

Answer 1

dysuria, urinary frequency and urgency, suprapubic pain, and WBCs (but not WBC casts) in urine, cloudy/smelly urine, hematuria

Question 2

leukocyte esterase test for UTI: purpose

Answer 2

detects pyuria (pus or WBC in urine; UTIs usually have pyuria)

Question 3

nitrite test for UTI: purpose

Answer 3

detects reduction of urinary nitrates by bacterial species (i.e., E. coli)

Question 4

what test for UTI, if negative, does NOT rule out UTI?

Answer 4

nitrite test

Question 5

leading organisms of UTI (1st, 2nd, 3rd)

Answer 5

E. coli, Staph saprophyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae

Question 6

when is imaging needed in UTI patients?

Answer 6

if complicated UTI, lack of response to appropriate therapy, recurrent pyelonephritis

Question 7

non-antibiotic prophylaxis for UTIs

Answer 7

methenamine salts, cranberry juice, ascorbic acid

Question 8

in what cases is asymptomatic bacteriuria treated and why?

Answer 8

pregnancy to prevent preterm labor