Feline

Question 1

Which ligament is fragile in the cat?

Answer 1

Utero-ovarian/proper ligament

Question 2

How often do cats display oestrus behaviour?

Answer 2

Every 2 weeks

Question 3

What type of ovulators are cats?

Answer 3

Induced

Question 4

How do we describe cats cycles?

Answer 4

Seasonally polyoestrus

Question 5

How long does uterine involution take?

Answer 5

10 days

Question 6

How long is proestrus?

Answer 6

1-3 days

Question 7

How long is oestrus?

Answer 7

3-10 days - queen accepts male

Question 8

How long is interoestrus/postoestrus?

Answer 8

6-16 days - sexual inactivity

this happens when she does not ovulate

Question 9

How long is anoestrus?

Answer 9

3-4 months (winter)

Question 10

How long is the luteal phase?

Answer 10

42 days - after sterile breeding

Question 11

Name 5 signs of oestrus

Answer 11

1. Lordosis
2. Vocalisation
3. Increased aggression
4. Vaginal cytology +++ superficial cells
5. Allows mounting

Question 12

What accessory glands to toms have?

Answer 12

Bulbourethral and prostate

Question 13

How are the penis spines described?

Answer 13

Testerone dependent

Question 14

What is the basal testosterone concentration?

Answer 14

12-24nmol/L

Question 15

When will females and males reach puberty?

Answer 15

Female -> 6-10months

Male -> 9 months

Question 16

When does spermatogenesis begin in males?

Answer 16

20 weeks

Question 17

How long is the spermatogenic cycle?

Answer 17

47 days

Question 18

When would we do AI in cats?

Answer 18

In zoos or dying breeds

Question 19

How do we decide when to AI?

Answer 19

Vaginal cytology

Question 20

Where is a queen inseminated?

Answer 20

Level of anterior vagina/posterior cervix

Question 21

What do we administer after AI?

Answer 21

hCG 50-75 IU IM

Do insemination and hCG again after 24 hours

Question 22

What is the recommended semen dose?

Answer 22

50-80 million/ml 0.1-0.2ml

Question 23

When does attachment occur in gestation?

Answer 23

15 days post mating

Question 24

How long is gestation from mating?

Answer 24

65 days

Question 25

When can we use palpation for PD?

Answer 25

17-25 days - firm spherical masses

Question 26

When can we use ultrasonography for PD?

Answer 26

15d first detect | 22d heartbeat

Question 27

When can we use radiography to see skeletons?

Answer 27

45d

Question 28

What type of placentation do cats have?

Answer 28

Endotheliochorial, zonary, deciduate | Maternal haematoma in pigmented zone

Question 29

What can be used to determine partruition time?

Answer 29

Serum progesterone - not very reliable in cats | 12-15nmol on day of birth

Question 30

How long does stage 1 parturition last and what happens?

Answer 30

24 hours - restless, vocal and nesting

Question 31

How long does stage 2 parturition last and what happens?

Answer 31

1st kitten 30-60 minutes, interval between kittens 5-60 minutes

Question 32

What is stage 3?

Answer 32

Expulsion of fetal membranes at each kitten

Question 33

What is "queening"?

Answer 33

nesting and isolation behaviour - move to separate area 3 weeks before due

Question 34

What is the time frame for normal parturition?

Answer 34

2-6 hours, maximum 12 hours

Question 35

What are 4 signs of dystocia?

Answer 35

Unusual Strong ineffective contractions, delay of 2-3 hours following first kitten, weak contractions, brown/green vaginal discharge and no progress

Question 36

How do we treat dystocia?

Answer 36

Calcium and oxytocin | caesarean

Question 37

How much calcium do lactating queens require each day?

Answer 37

600mg/day

Question 38

What is the average birthweight of kittens?

Answer 38

100+/- 10g

Question 39

What is the ambient temperature for kittens?

Answer 39

30 first 2 weeks | 25 for next 2 weeks

Question 40

How much should nursing kittens gain a day?

Answer 40

7-10 grams per day

Question 41

what is the weaning-oestrus interval?

Answer 41

1-2 weeks

Question 42

What are 3 agents that cause abortion?

Answer 42

Toxoplasma gondii Coxiella burnetti Chlamydia felis

Question 43

Which ovary is more caudal?

Answer 43

The left

Question 44

What hormone is mammary hypertrophy dependent on and who does it happen to the most?

Answer 44

Progesterone - young cats

Question 45

What is mammary hypertrophy?

Answer 45

Enlarged mammary glands not associated with pregnancy or parturition - non-painful

Question 46

How do we treat mammary hypertrophy?

Answer 46

Remove progesterone source or give dopamine agonist -> or hysterectomy Can resolve without treatment

Question 47

What is ovarian remnant syndrome?

Answer 47

Presence of functional ovarian tissue in ovariohysterectomised queen

Question 48

How do we diagnose ovarian remnant syndrome?

Answer 48

GnRH challenge, post oestrus P4 after ovulation induction

Question 49

How do we treat ovarian remnant syndrome?

Answer 49

Surgery after ovulation induction

Question 50

What is a predisposing factor for pyometra?

Answer 50

Cystic endometrial hyperplasia | Older cats 5-6 years

Question 51

How do we treat pyometra?

Answer 51

ovariohysterectomy, fluids and antibiotics

Question 52

How do we evaluate oestrus in big cats?

Answer 52

Faecal progesterone and oestrogen

Question 53

How many cats can result in 7 years from 1 breeding pair?

Answer 53

400,000

Question 54

How can we control feral cats?

Answer 54

Trap, neuter and release with cropped ear GnRH vaccines Progesterone supplementation -> risk of CEH and pyometra though