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Reproduction > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What structures fuse to form the uterus?

A

Paramesonephric ducts

Urogenital sinus

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2
Q

What gene is required for male development?

A

SRY gene of Y chromosome

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3
Q

What is the function of the broad ligaments?

A

Support and position reproductive organs

Carry blood vessels and nerves

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4
Q

What are the 3 parts of the broad ligaments?

A

Mesovarium - support ovary

Mesosalpinx - support uterine tube

Mesometrium - support uterus

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5
Q

What is the purpose of the round ligament and where is it found?

A

Support uterus

In fold of mesometrium

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6
Q

What is the arterial blood supply to the repro tract in ruminant and pigs?

A

Uterine artery
Ovarian artery
Vaginal artery

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7
Q

Describe the structure of a primordial follicle

A

Surrounded by a single layer of flattened squamous follicular cells

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8
Q

What characterises a primary follicle?

A

Single layer of cuboidal cells

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9
Q

What characterises a secondary follicle?

A

2+ layers of cuboidal cells - no antrum or follicular fluid

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10
Q

What characterises tertiary follicles?

A

Fluid filled antrum

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11
Q

What are the layers of a mature follicle called and what do they do?

A

3 layers
Theca externa - LCT
Theca interna - Steroid production and LH receptors
Granulosa layer - FSH receptors produce oestrogen, inhibin and follicular fluid

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12
Q

Where is the CL located?

A

In the cortex

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13
Q

What is the pathway of blood from aorta to uterus in ruminants?

A

Aorta -> internal iliac -> internal pudendal -> uterine artery

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14
Q

Where does the spermatic cord go?

A

From inguinal ring to dorsal pole of testis

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15
Q

What does the spermatic cord contain?

A 
Nerves
Lymphatics
Cremaster muscle (height of testis)
Extensive testicular vasculature
Ductus deferens
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16
Q

What is the function of the ductus deferens?

A

Transport sperm from epididymis out through urethra

17
Q

What is the function of the cremaster muscle?

A

Striated - temperature control by contracting and pumping blood through PP

Testis elevation

18
Q

What is the function of the PP?

A

Counter current heat exchanger -> Venous blood from testis cools arterial blood to testis

Pulse pressure elimination

19
Q

What is the function of tunica dartos?

A

Smooth muscle sustained contractions - holds testis against body or relaxed

ALso androgen control

20
Q

What is in the testicular capsule?

A

Visceral vaginal tunic

Tunica albuginea

21
Q

What makes up the testicular parenchyma?

A

Tubular compartment - seminiferous tubules

Interstitial compartment - CT, lymph vessels, vessels

Peripiheral and deep adluminal compartments - primary spermatocytes move from basal compartment and form secondary spermatocytes

Basal compartment - formation of sperm

22
Q

What is the mediastinum continous with?

A

Tunica albuginea

23
Q

What do the efferent ducts convey sperm to?

A

The epididymal duct - final maturation and storage

24
Q

What are the names and function of the parts of the epididymal duct?

A

Head - Reabsorbs and secretes fluid
Body - translocation of proximal droplets
Tail - ejaculation storage to ductus deferens

25
Q

What is seminal plasma produced by?

A

Epididymis

all 4 accessory glands

26
Q

Where are the seminal vesicles and what do they do?

A

Either side of pelvic urethra and open into it secreting sugars fluid

27
Q

What is the structure of the prostate gland?

A

Stallion - H shaped corpus and 2 lateral lobes

28
Q

Bulbourethral glands structure and function

A

Add mucous secretion to ejaculate

Ovoid and quite dense

29
Q

What 3 species have a fibroelastic penis?

A

Boars
Bulls
Rams

30
Q

Describe the 4 steps of an erection

A
  1. Blood pumped by ischiocavernosus muscle into corpus cavernosum and corpus spongiosum
  2. Elongation and straightening of penis
  3. Relaxation of retractor penis muscle
  4. Penis protrudes from prepuce
31
Q

Describe the 5 steps of emission

A
  1. Sensory stimulation
  2. Stimulation of nerves in supraoptic and PVN
  3. Release oxytocin from PP
  4. Contractions in smooth muscle in distal tail of epididymis and DD
  5. Transport of sperm to ejaculatory position

Reproduction (9 decks)

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