Feedback Test (Up to Lec15) Flashcards
Which types of nerves innervate each of the three kinds of muscle?
Skeletal - somatic nerves
Smooth - autonomic
Cardiac - autonomic
What type of section is a ring-shaped histological section of a blood vessel?
Transverse
What prevents fluid passing between epithelial cells?
Tight junctions
What are the job(s) of the fibrous skeleton of the heart?
To stabilise the positions of the heart valves; and to electrically insulate the ventricular cells from the atrial cells
Which veins unite to form the superior vena cava?
The left and right brachiocephalic veins
What adaptation to the layers might be seen in a blood vessel that needs to withstand a high pulse pressure?
A thick, elastic tunica media
Where would aged or damaged erythrocytes be broken down?
The spleen
Serum is blood plasma without its…
Clotting factors
What 6 substances are required for erythropoiesis?
Erythropoietin, iron, vitamin B12, folic acid (B9), amino acids and intrinsic factor
Cardiac output is equal to…
Heart Rate x Stroke Volume
What does the P wave on an electrocardiogram represent?
Atrial depolarisation
What does the T wave on an electrocardiogram represent?
(Ventricular) Repolarisation
What is the function of the hormone angiotensin?
It is a vasoconstrictor (reduces the diameter of blood vessels)
What converts inactive angiotensin I to active angiotensin II (and where is this enzyme produced?)
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (produced by endothelial cells in the lungs)
What might a heart rate of 45bpm and the absence of a P wave suggest?
Damage to the sino-atrial node
