Fatty Acid Synthesis (younger) Flashcards
Most of fatty acids come from what?
Diet
True/False De novo synthesis of Fatty acids: in adults in America is usually low.
True
____________ is the carbon source for growing fatty acid chains.
Cytosolic acetyl CoA
Molecule that passes through TCA cycle good at grabbing onto Acetyl groups…
Oxaloacetate (OAA)
CoA cannot pass through the ______________.
Inner mitochondrial membrane
how do you get the acetyl group out of the inner mitochondrial membrane?
Acetyl group breaks off of CoA and. OAA goes to citrate via Citrate synthase. Citrate can then pass through the inner mitochondrial membrane. Mitochondrial acetyl CoA is generated from oxidation of pyruvate.
What is ACC?
Acetyl CoA carboxylase is allosterically activated to its polymerized form by citrate. ACC is depolymerized by the end product long-chain fatty acyl CoA.
Materials in mitochondria— out of mitochondria into ACetyl CoA—ACC polymerizes— in presence of citrate will drive formation of polymer— to its active form— form malonyl CoA
That is de novo synthesis of Fatty Acids in short.
Short term and long term affectors/regulators of ACC
prolonged high calorie, high carb diets increase ACC synthesis which also increases fatty acid synthesis.
Low calorie or high fat diet reduces fatty acid synthesis by decreasing ACC synthesis.
Phosphorylation is likely in what state???
Fasting State
If you are in low energy state/ deficiency of energy will you be making fatty acids?
no, relative resources are too low
Fatty acid synthase (FAS)
multifunctional dimeric enzyme in eukaryotes…
__________ can be further elongated at the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER).
Palmitate (16:0)
Major things that happens at the Smooth ER is
Fatty acid elongation
18:1(9) is more common unsaturated fatty acid
than
16:1(9)
