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MSK > Fascia Lata > Flashcards

Fascia Lata Flashcards

1
Q

What is fascia?

A

Band/sheet of fibrous tissue that lies deep to the skin and lines/invests/separates different structures within the body

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2
Q

Fascia can be classified into which 3 categories?

A

Superficial

Deep

Visceral

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3
Q

What is superficial fascia?

A

Blends with the reticular layer beneath the dermis

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4
Q

What is deep fascia?

A

Envelopes muscles, bones and neurovascular structures

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5
Q

What is visceral fascia?

A

Provides membranous investments that suspend organs in their cavities

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6
Q

Is the fascia lata, deep or superficial? Where in the body is it found?

A

Deep

Thigh

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7
Q

Where does the fascia lata originate (proximally)?

A

Around the iliac crest and inguinal ligament

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8
Q

Where does the fascia lata end (distally)?

A

Bony prominences of the tibia

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9
Q

What happens to the fascia lata and the bony prominences of the legs?

A

Continues to become the deep fascia of the leg

Crural fascia

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10
Q

What is the name given to the deep fascia of the leg?

A

Crural fascia

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11
Q

Describe the width of the fascia lata

A

Varies considerably at different parts of the thigh

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12
Q

Where is the width of the fascia lata the thickest?

A

Superolateral aspect of the thigh (with fascia condensations from the gluteus maximum and gluteus mediums)

Around the knee (receives reinforcing fibres from tendons)

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13
Q

Where is the fascia lata the thinnest?

A

Where it covers the adductor muscles of the medial thigh

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14
Q

The deepest aspect of fascia lata gives rise to…

A

3 intermuscular septa that attach centrally to the femur

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15
Q

What do the three intermuscular septa attach to?

A

Centrally to the femur

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16
Q

What is the function of the intermuscular septa?

A

Divides the thigh musculature into anterior, medial and lateral compartments

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17
Q

Which is the strongest of the three intermuscular septa?

A

Lateral intermuscular septum

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18
Q

Why is the lateral intermuscular septum the strongest intermuscular septa?

A

Has reinforcement from the iliotibial tract

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19
Q

What is the ovoid hiatus?

A

Also called the saphenous opening - it is a gap in the fascia lata

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20
Q

Where is the ovoid hiatus/saphenous opening? What is its function?

A

Just inferior to the inguinal ligament

Serves as an entry point for efferent lymphatics and the great saphenous vein

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21
Q

What passes through the saphenous opening/ovoid hiatus?

A

The great saphenous vein and efferent lymphatics

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22
Q

Where do the great saphenous vein and efferent lymphatics respectively drain?

A

GSV —> Femoral Vein

Efferent lymphatics —> superficial inguinal lymph nodes

23
Q

What is the cribriform fascia? Where does it develop?

A

The membranous tissue covering the ovoid hiatus

Inferomedially from the falciform margin of the gap

24
Q

What is the name given to the membranous tissue that covers the ovoid hiatus?

A

Cribriform fascia

25
Q

What happens in a femoral hernia?

A

Gastric viscera protrudes through the femoral canal

26
Q

When can femoral hernias become visible? Where will the swelling present?

A

When they protrude through the saphenous opening

Swelling inferior to the inguinal ligament

27
Q

What is the iliotibial tract?

A

Longitudinal thickening of the fascia lata

28
Q

What strengthens the iliotibial tract?

A

Strengthened posteriorly by fibres from the gluteus maximus

29
Q

What aspect of the thigh is the iliotibial tract on?

A

Lateral aspects

30
Q

Where is the iliotibial tract located to and from?

A

Iliac tubercle —> lateral tibial condyle

31
Q

What are the three main functions of the iliotibial tract?

A

Movement
Compartmentalisation
Muscle Sheath

32
Q

What role does the ITT play in movement?

A

Acts an extensor, abductor and lateral rotator of the hip

Provides lateral stabilisation to the knee joint

33
Q

What role does the ITT play in compartmentalisation?

A

Deepest aspect forms the lateral intermuscular septum of the thigh and attaches to the femur

34
Q

What role does the ITT play as a muscular sheath?

A

Forms a sheath for the tensor fascia lata muscle

35
Q

The tensor fascia lata is part of which group of muscles?

A

Gluteal muscles

36
Q

What are some roles of the tensor fascia lata?

A

Acts as a flexor, abductor and internal rotator of the hip

Tenses the fascia lata

37
Q

Where does the tensor fascia lata originate and attach?

A

Originates - iliac crest

Attaches - inserts into the anterior aspect of the iliotibial tract

38
Q

What effects does stimulation and tautening of the tensor fascia lata have? (3)

A

Tautens the iliotibial band and braces the knee

Forces muscle groups closer together within their intermuscular septa towards the femur, centralises muscle weight and reduces overall force required for movement at the hip

Makes muscle contraction more efficient in compressing deep veins

39
Q

What proximal (superior), posterior attachments does the fascia lata have? (2)

A

Sacrum

Coccyx

40
Q

What proximal (superior), lateral attachments does the fascia lata have? (1)

A

Iliac crest

41
Q

What proximal (superior), anterior attachments does the fascia lata have? (2)

A

Inguinal ligament

Superior pubic rami

42
Q

What proximal (superior), medial attachments does the fascia lata have? (3)

A

Inferior ischiopubic rami
Ischial tuberosity
Sacrotuberous ligament

43
Q

Which fascia blends with the fascia lata superiorly?

A

Deep iliac fascia

44
Q

Which fascia blends with the fascia lata just below the inguinal ligament?

A

Superficial fascia

45
Q

The lateral thickening of the fascia lata forms the…

A

Iliotibial tract

46
Q

The iliotibial tract receives tendon fibres from the… (2)

A

Gluteus maximus

Tensor fascia lata

47
Q

Where does the iliotibial tract attach to?

A

The lateral tibial condyle

48
Q

What happens to the fascia lata inferiorly?

A

Becomes the deep fascia of the leg (Crural fascia)

49
Q

What is the deep fascia of the leg known as?

A

Crural fascia

50
Q

The deep aspect of the fascia lata produces three…

A

Intermuscular septa

51
Q

The intermuscular septa attach centrally to the…

A

Femur

52
Q

Where does the lateral septum of the intermuscular septa attach?

A

To the lateral lip of the linea aspera

53
Q

Where do the medial and anterior septa attach?

A

To the medial lip of the linea aspera

54
Q

Why are fascia lata grafts a popular choice to facilitate tissue regeneration and healing?

A

Contain particularly high concentration of connective tissue fibres which are well vascularised upon transplantation as opposed to artificial products

MSK (10 decks)

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