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Aviation > FAR/AIM > Flashcards

FAR/AIM Flashcards

1
Q

What is aeronautical experience?

A

Pilot time obtained in an aircraft or flight simulator.

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2
Q

What is cross country time?

A

Flight to another airport that is at least 50 nautical miles away measured in a straight line distance.

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3
Q

When acting as pilot in command, what documents must be in your possession?

A
  • Photo ID
  • Pilot certificate
  • Medical certificate
  • Logbook
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4
Q

What is a temporary airman certificate, and how long is it good for?

A

A temporary certificate issued immediately after passing your private pilot exam. It’s valid for 180 days.

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5
Q

How long after your first solo is your student pilot certificate valid?

A

24 months.

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6
Q

What medical certificate must a private pilot hold? How long is it good for?

A

Third-class medical certificate. Good for 60 calendar months until age 40. Then, good for 24 calendar months.

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7
Q

What is the minimum passing grade for the private pilot knowledge test?

A

70%.

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8
Q

What are the 5 prerequisites for the private pilot practical test?

A
  • Pass written knowledge test within preceding 24 months.
  • Hold at least third class medical certificate.
  • Accomplished required training and aeronautical experience.
  • Meet age requirements.
  • Hold proper endorsements from instructor.
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9
Q

What are the age requirements for soloing? For taking the practical exam?

A

16 to solo, 17 to take the practical exam.

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10
Q

If you discontinue the practical exam, within how many days must you retake it?

A

60 days.

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11
Q

When logging time in a logbook, what should each pilot log?

A

Pilot-in-command time, and IFR time (whether simulated or actual).

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12
Q

What does a flight review consist of? How long is it valid?

A

Consists of 1 hour ground, and 1 hour flight. Valid for 24 months.

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13
Q

What recent experience do you need to act as pilot-in-command of an aircraft carrying passengers?

A

At least 3 takeoffs and full-stop landings in the preceding 90 days, using the same category or class of aircraft.

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14
Q

When changing your personal mailing address, what must you do?

A

Notify the FAA in writing, within 30 days.

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15
Q

What are the solo requirements for student pilots?

A
  • Take a pre-solo written exam.

- Complete pre-solo flight training.

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16
Q

What are three student pilot limitations?

A
  • Can’t fly people or property for compensation or hire.
  • Can’t fly in surface visibility of less than 3 statute miles during the day, 5 statute miles at night.
  • Can’t fly contrary to instructor endorsements.
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17
Q

What are three solo cross-country requirements?

A
  • Receive solo and cross-country flight training.
  • Demonstrate proficiency in cross-country flying.
  • Be endorsed by flight instructor.
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18
Q

What are 2 limitations for student pilots flying solo in Class B airspace?

A
  • Training in Class B airspace.

- Endorsement for Class B airspace from instructor.

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19
Q

What 11 ground training subjects are required for private pilot applicants?

A
  • Aircraft limitations.
  • Accident reporting.
  • AIM usage.
  • VFR navigation.
  • Radio communications.
  • Aviation weather.
  • Collision avoidance.
  • Takeoff and landing performance.
  • Aerodynamics.
  • Stall awareness.
  • Preflight actions to include runway lengths, weather forecasts, fuel requirements, etc.
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20
Q

What 12 flight training subjects are required for private pilot applicants?

A

PPATPGNSBENP

  • Preflight preparations.
  • Preflight procedures.
  • Airport operations.
  • Takeoffs, landings and go-around procedures.
  • Performance maneuvers.
  • Ground reference maneuvers.
  • Navigation.
  • Slow flight and stalls
  • Basic instrument maneuvers.
  • Emergency operations.
  • Night operations.
  • Post-flight procedures.
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21
Q

What aeronautical experience must a private pilot applicant have?

A

3*5, 5, 10, 40, 150

  • At least 40 hours of flight time.
  • At least 10 hours solo flights.
  • A solo cross-country flight of 150 nautical miles total, with 3 points of landing. One leg must be 50 nautical miles.
  • 5 hours solo cross-country.
  • 3 solo takeoffs and landings with a full stop at a controlled airport.
  • 3 hours of flight training prior to checkride.
  • 3 hours of night flying including a cross-country flight of at least 100 nautical miles of total distance and 10 takeoffs and landings to a full stop. These should be done with a flight instructor.
  • 3 instrument flight hours, either simulated or actual.
  • 3 hours of checkride preparation using the aircraft the the test is to be performed in.
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22
Q

What are two private pilot limitations surrounding compensation?

A
  • Can’t operate as pilot-in-command carrying passengers or property for compensation or hire.
  • Can’t pay less than your pro-rated share of expenses related to the aircraft.
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23
Q

What are two points covering responsibility and authority of the pilot-in-command?

A
  • The PIC has the final say as to the operation of the aircraft.
  • The PIC may deviate from any rule in Part 91 to meet the needs of an emergency.
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24
Q

Who is responsible for determining the airworthiness of the aircraft?

A

The PIC.

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25
Q

What are the rules for dropping objects from an aircraft?

A

You can drop objects from an aircraft as long as you, the PIC, determine that it does not cause injury or damage to people or property on the ground.

26
Q

What are the limitations on alcohol and drugs while flying?

A
  • Can’t fly while using drugs.
  • Can’t fly within 8 hours of consuming any alcoholic beverage.
  • Can’t fly with .04% or higher alcohol weight in blood.
27
Q

What 5 things do you need to become familiar with before each flight?

A
  • Runway lengths.
  • Takeoff and landing distances.
  • Weather reports.
  • Fuel requirements.
  • Alternate airports.
28
Q

What are the 2 requirements for the use of safety belts and shoulder harnesses?

A
  • Each person onboard the aircraft must be shown how their safety belt fastens and unfastens.
  • Each person must wear his or her safety belt if installed, during taxiing, takeoff, and landing.
29
Q

What are the 2 requirements for operating near other aircraft?

A
  • You cannot operate an aircraft so close to another as to cause a collision hazard.
  • You cannot fly in formation unless prior arrangement has been made with the other aircraft.
30
Q

What right-of-way do aircraft in distress have? Aircraft towing or refueling airborne? Landing aircraft? What are the right-of-way rules in order?

A

BGAPWAR

  • An aircraft in distress has right-of-way over all other aircraft.
  • Aircraft towing or refueling airborne have right-of-way over all other engine driven aircraft.
  • Landing aircraft on final have right-of-way over all other aircraft in flight or on the surface.
  • Right of way rules in order:
  • -Balloon
  • -Glider
  • -Airship
  • -Powered parachute
  • -Weight shift control aircraft
  • -Airplane
  • -Rotorcraft
31
Q

What is the minimum safe altitude over congested and non-congested areas?

A

1,000 feet over congested areas.

500 feet over non-congested areas.

32
Q

Define the following light gun signals, for on-ground and in-flight:

  1. Steady green
  2. Flashing green
  3. Steady red
  4. Flashing red
  5. Flashing white
  6. Alternating white and green
A

  1. Cleared for takeoff Cleared to land
  2. Cleared to taxi Return to land
  3. Stop Give way to other aircraft
  4. Taxi clear of runway Airport unsafe - do not land
  5. Return to starting point on airport N/A
  6. Exercise extreme caution exercise extreme caution
33
Q

When operating at an airport inside class G or class E airspace, how should all turns be made?

A

To the left, unless otherwise indicated.

34
Q

What must you do when arriving, departing or passing through class D airspace?

A

Establish two-way radio communication.

35
Q

If your radio fails under VFR flight in class D airspace, what requirements must be met to land?

A
  • Weather conditions must remain above basic VFR.
  • Visual contact is maintained with tower.
  • Clearance to land is received.
36
Q

What 2 requirements must be met to operate at an airport inside Class C airspace?

A
  • You must establish two-way radio communication.

- A Mode C transponder is required inside and above Class C airspace.

37
Q

What 4 requirements must be met to operate at an airport inside class B airspace?

A
  • You must receive a clearance before entering Class B airspace.
  • Pilots must hold at least a private pilot certificate, or, if a student pilot, you must have a Class B endorsement.
  • You must have a Mode C transponder.
  • You must be in constant two-way communication.
38
Q

What’s the difference between prohibited and restricted areas?

A

No person may operate an aircraft within a prohibited area. You may operate in a restricted area, but you must have explicit permission from a controlling agency.

39
Q

What do presidential NOTAMs prohibit?

A

Operating an aircraft over or in airspace traveled by the president, vice president, or other public figures.

40
Q

What are the 2 VFR fuel requirements?

A
  • During the day, you need enough fuel to fly to your destination plus 30 minutes.
  • During night, you need enough fuel to fly to your destination plus 45 minutes.
41
Q

What is special VFR? What 3 restrictions apply?

A

Special VFR is a service that allows you to land an aircraft in an airport where weather conditions are less than VFR. Requirements:

  • You must maintain contact with ATC.
  • You must remain clear of clouds.
  • Your aircraft must be equipped for IFR flight.
42
Q

List the following for Class B airspace:

  1. Entry requirements.
  2. Minimum pilot qualifications.
  3. Two-way radio communications required.
  4. Minimum VFR visibility.
  5. Minimum distance from clouds (below 10,000 MSL).
  6. Minimum distance from clouds (above 10,000 MSL).
  7. Aircraft separation.
  8. Traffic advisories.
A
  1. ATC clearance.
  2. Student with endorsement, or private.
  3. Yes.
  4. 3 statute miles.
  5. Clear of clouds.
  6. Clear of clouds.
  7. All aircraft.
  8. Yes.
43
Q

List the following for Class C airspace:

  1. Entry requirements.
  2. Minimum pilot qualifications.
  3. Two-way radio communications required.
  4. Minimum VFR visibility.
  5. Minimum distance from clouds (below 10,000 MSL).
  6. Minimum distance from clouds (above 10,000 MSL).
  7. Aircraft separation.
  8. Traffic advisories.
A
  1. IFR: clearance. VFR: radio contact.
  2. Student pilot.
  3. Yes.
  4. 3 statute miles.
  5. 1,000 feet above, 500 feet below, 2,000 feet horizontally.
  6. 1,000 feet above, 500 feet below, 2,000 feet horizontally.
  7. IFR, special VFR, and runway operations.
  8. Yes.
44
Q

List the following for Class D airspace:

  1. Entry requirements.
  2. Minimum pilot qualifications.
  3. Two-way radio communications required.
  4. Minimum VFR visibility.
  5. Minimum distance from clouds (below 10,000 MSL).
  6. Minimum distance from clouds (above 10,000 MSL).
  7. Aircraft separation.
  8. Traffic advisories.
A
  1. IFR: clearance. VFR: radio contact.
  2. Student pilot.
  3. Yes.
  4. 3 statute miles.
  5. 1,000 feet above, 500 feet below, 2,000 feet horizontally.
  6. 1,000 feet above, 500 feet below, 2,000 feet horizontally.
  7. IFR, special VFR, and runway operations.
  8. Workload permitting.
45
Q

What are VFR cruising altitudes?

A

Aircraft heading east (0-179), choose an odd altitude plus 500 feet.

Aircraft heading west (180-359), choose an even altitude plus 500 feet.

46
Q

Which documents must be onboard to fly an airplane?

A

ARROW:

  • Airworthiness certificate
  • Registration certificate
  • Radio certificate (only for international flights)
  • Operator’s manual
  • Weight and balance
47
Q

What are the required VFR instruments?

A

During the day, ATOMATOFLAMES:

  • Airspeed indicator
  • Tachometer
  • Oil pressure gauge
  • Manifold pressure gauge
  • Altimeter
  • Temperature gauge
  • Oil temperature gauge
  • Fuel gauge
  • Landing gear position indicator
  • Anti-collision lights (manufactured after 3/11/96)
  • Magnetic compass
  • ELT
  • Seatbelt

At night, also FLAPS:

  • Fuses
  • Landing light
  • Anti-collision lights (manufactured after 8/11/71)
  • Position lights
  • Source of power
48
Q

What are the 3 ELT battery rules?

A

Batteries must be replaced in the ELT when any of the following conditions are met:

  • If the transmitter has been used for more than one cumulative hour.
  • When 50% of the battery’s useful life is exceeded.
  • 12 calendar months have passed since the last changing.
49
Q

What are the 2 aircraft lighting rules?

A
  • Aircraft position lights must be on from sunset to sunrise.
  • Aircraft lights may be turned off when the PIC believes it is in the best interest to do so (for example, to prevent blinding another pilot during runup).
50
Q

What are the 3 supplemental oxygen rules?

A
  • If the aircraft is above 12,500 feet MSL for more than 30 seconds, crew is required to use oxygen.
  • If the aircraft is above 14,000 feet MSL, crew is required to use oxygen.
  • If the aircraft is above 15,000 feet MSL, passengers must be provided or offered oxygen.
51
Q

How should inoperative instruments be handled (6 steps)?

A

First, consult the minimum equipment list for the aircraft. In the absence of an MEL:

  • Check if the instrument is required under the aircraft’s VFR day certificate.
  • Check if it is indicated in the aircraft manufactured equipment list.
  • Check if it is required under Part 91.205.
  • Check if the equipment is required for operations of an airworthiness directive.
  • If it doesn’t meet any requirement, it should be removed from the aircraft, deactivated and placarded INOP.
52
Q

When are Mode C transponders required?

A
  • Class A, B and C airspace.
  • Inside the Class B 30 nautical mile Mode C veil.
  • Above 10,000 feet MSL.
  • Above B and C airspaces.
53
Q

You must notify NTSB of an accident if…(8 reasons)

A
  • You have property damage of more than $25,000.
  • There is a fire in flight.
  • There is an accident.
  • There is collision in flight.
  • There is turbine failure.
  • A crew member experiences disabling illness.
  • The aircraft is overdue, and believed to have been involved in an accident.
  • You have lost control of the aircraft.
54
Q

What’s VASI? What’s PAPI? What’s the difference.

A
  • Visual Approach Slope Indicator
  • Precision Approach Path Indicator

A VASI indicates Too High, Too Low, or Correct. A PAPI usually contains 4 lights, and will also indicate Slightly High or Slightly Low.

VASIs are usually stacked in two or more parallel rows; PAPIs are usually a single row of 2 or 4 beacons.

55
Q

What are 7 types of Class E airspace?

A

SETVODA

Surface
Extension
Transition
Victor Airway
Offshore
Domestic Enroute
Above 14,500 feet MSL
56
Q

What’s an MOA? Can you fly into one?

A

Military Operations Area

Yes, you can fly into a MOA without prior clearance. However, you should exercise extreme caution.

57
Q

What is LAHSO?

A

Land and Hold Short Operations

This is a clearance to land on a runway, and hold short of an intersecting runway or taxiway. You can decline or accept a LAHSO.

58
Q

What’s the transponder squawk code for an emergency?

A

7700

59
Q

What are the 4 procedures for avoiding wake turbulence?

A
  • When landing behind a larger aircraft on the same runway, stay above its final approach path and land beyond its touchdown point.
  • When landing behind a larger departing aircraft on the same runway, note its rotation point and land before that point.
  • When departing behind a larger aircraft, note its rotation point and rotate before that spot. Continue climbing above the larger aircraft’s climb path until turning clear of its wake.
  • Avoid subsequent headings which will cross below or behind a larger aircraft. Be alert to any critical takeoff situation which could lead to a vortex encounter.
60
Q

What is used to determine fitness for flight?

A

The IMSAFE checklist:

Illness
Medication
Stress
Alcohol
Fatigue
Emotion
61
Q

What is carbon monoxide? Where is it found? How long does it take to have an effect? How can you prevent carbon monoxide poisoning?

A
  • Odorless, colorless, and tasteless gas.
  • Contained in exhaust fumes.
  • Impacts the blood’s ability to carry oxygen in 1 minute.
  • When using cabin heat, it is vital to have a carbon monoxide detector.
62
Q

What are 7 illusions in flight?

A

ICEFLAGS

  • Inversion Illusion: a quick change from a climb to level flight makes the pilot feel like he is tumbling backwards.
  • Coriolis Illusion: a sudden turn of the head (like turning downward to pick up a pen) during a constant rate turn can make the pilot feel like he is in level flight although the instruments clearly indicate a turn.
  • Elevator Illusion: in turbulence, an updraft can cause extreme vertical acceleration, which can cause the pilot to naturally nose over the aircraft.
  • False Horizon: city lights, clouds, stars, or darkness can give the appearance of the horizon.
  • Leans: the leans occur when a quick correction from a banked attitude happens too slowly. Your inner ear gives the sensations of banking in the opposite direction, causing the pilot to overbank in the opposite direction, even putting the aircraft on a roll.
  • Autokinesis: at night, when a pilot stares at a stationary light for a long time, it can appear to move.
  • Graveyard spin: when a pilot recovers from a spin, the inner ear can cause him to think that he has entered a spin from the other direction.
  • Somatogravic Illusion: when accelerating rapidly during takeoff, the pilot feels that he is on a nose-up attitude even if he has not rotated yet. To correct, the pilot puts the aircraft on a nose-down attitude.

Aviation (19 decks)

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