Family Health Programs Flashcards
Are set of interventions put together to operationalize policies and standards directed towards the prevention of certain public health problems.
PUBLIC HEALTH PROGRAMS
Family Health includes
- maternal health program
- child health program
- adolescent health program
- adult health program
- older adult health program
Family health programs aims to:
- Improve the survival, health, and well-being of mothers and the unborn.
- Reduce morbidity and mortality rates for children 0-9 years.
- Reduce mortality for preventable causes among adolescents and young people.
- Reduce morbidity and mortality among Filipino adults and improve their quality of life.
- Reduce morbidity and mortality of older persons and improve their quality of life.
Goal is to improve survival, health and well-being of mothers and unborn through a package of services for the pre-pregnancy, pre-natal, natal, and postnatal stages.
MATERNAL HEALTH PROGRAM
Underlying causes of maternal deaths
Delay in taking critical actions
Closely spaced birth and frequent pregnancies
Poor detection and management of high-risk pregnancies
Poor access to health facilities
Lack of competent health care staff
Reach all pregnant women to give sufficient care to ensure a healthy pregnancy and the birth of a full term healthy baby
Antenatal Registration
MATERNAL HEALTH PROGRAM (3)
- Antenatal Registration
- Home Based Mother Records (HBMR)
- Early Child Care Development Card (ECCDC)
TT1 Interval
As soon as possible during pregnancy
TT2 Interval
at least 4 weeks later
TT3 Interval
at least 6 months later
TT4 Interval
at least 1 year
TT5
at least 1 year
TT2 % Protected
80%
TT3 % Protected
95%
TT4 % Protected
99%
TT5 % Protected
99%
TT2 Duration of Protect for Mother
3 years
TT3 Duration of Protect for Mother
5 years
TT4 Duration of Protect for Mother
10 years
TT5 Duration of Protect for Mother
lifetime
MNCHN
MATERNAL, NEWBORN, CHILD HEALTH AND NUTRITION
MATERNAL, NEWBORN, CHILD HEALTH AND NUTRITION (MNCHN)
This strategy aims to achieve the following immediate results:
- Every pregnancy is wanted, planned and supported
- Every pregnancy is adequately managed throughout its course
- Every delivery is facility-based and managed by skilled birth
attendants/ skilled health professionals - Every mother and newborn pair secures proper postpartum and newborn care with smooth transitions to the women’s health
The likelihood of maternal and neonatal deaths is further magnified with the critical accumulation of four risks:
- Mistimed, unplanned, unwanted and unsupported pregnancy
- Not securing adequate care during the course of pregnancy
- Delivering without being attended to by skilled health professional
- Not securing proper postpartum and newborn care for the mother and her newborn
Core package of services consists of interventions that will be delivered for each life stage: pre-pregnancy, pregnancy, delivery, and the postpartum and newborn period
MNCHN
Most of these services require minimal cost and can be delivered by health workers as part of their routine functions with some that may require additional training and minimal investments in facilities.
MNCHN
Pre-pregnancy
- provision of iron and folate supplementation
- advice on family
- planning and healthy lifestyle
- provision of family planning services
- prevention and management of infection and lifestyle-related diseases
- adolescent health services
- deworming of women of reproductive age (to reduce other causes of IDA)
- nutritional counseling
- oral health
Pregnancy
- first prenatal visit at first trimester, at least 4 prenatal visits
throughout the course of pregnancy to detect and manage danger signs and complications of pregnancy - provision of iron and folate supplementation for 3 months
- iodine supplementation
- 2 tetanus toxoid immunization
- counselling on healthy lifestyle and breastfeeding
- prevention and management of infection
- oral health services.
first prenatal visit at first trimester, at least ___ prenatal visits
4
provision of iron and folate supplementation for __ months
3
how many tetanus toxoid immunizations at Pregnancy ?
2
Delivery
- skilled birth attendance/skilled health professional-assisted delivery and facility-based deliveries including the use of partograph
- proper management of pregnancy and delivery complications and newborn complications
- access to BEMONC or CEMONC services
Post-Partum
- visit within 72 hours and on the 7th day postpartum to check for conditions such as bleeding or infections
- Vitamin A supplements to the mother
- counselling on family planning and available services maternal nutrition
- lactation counseling
- postnatal visit of the newborn together
Newborn care until the first week of life
- Interventions within the first 90 minutes such as immediate drying, skin to skin contact between mother and newborn, cord clamping after 1 to 3 minutes, non-separation of baby from the mother, early initiation of breastfeeding
- essential newborn care after 90 minutes to 6 hours
- newborn care prior to discharge
child care
- Immunization
- micronutrient supplementation (Vitamin A, iron)
- exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months, sustained breastfeeding up to 24 months with complementary feeding
- integrated management of childhood illnesses
- injury prevention
- oral health
- insecticide-treated nets for mothers and children in malaria endemic areas
MNCHN Service Delivery Network
3 LEVELS OF CARE
- Community level services – Barangay health stations
- BEmONC - Basic Emergency Maternal Obstetrics and Newborn Care services
- CEmoNC - Comprehensive Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care services
Obstetric functions of BEmONC
- Parenteral administration of oxytocin in the third stage of labor
- Parenteral administration of loading dose of anti-convulsants
- Parenteral administration of initial dose of antibiotics
- Performance of assisted deliveries
- Removal of retained products of conception
- Manual removal of retained placenta
Obstetric functions of CEmONC
BEMONC functions
+
7. Cesarean delivery services
8. Blood banking and transfusion services, and other highly specialized obstetric interventions
Emergency Newborn Intervention of BEmONC
- Newborn resuscitation
- Treatment of neonatal sepsis/infection
- Oxygen support
Emergency Newborn Intervention of CEmONC
BEmONC functions
+
4. Management of low birth weight or preterm newborn
5. Other specialized newborn services
Is a simple, cost-effective newborn care intervention that can improve neonatal as well as maternal care.
Essential Intrapartum and Newborn Care
4-time bound interventions
- Immediate drying
- Uninterrupted skin-to-skin contact
- Proper cord clamping and cutting
- Nonseparation of the newborn from the mother for early
breastfeeding initiation and rooming in
Goal is to reduce morbidity and mortality for children 0-9 years
CHILD HEALTH PROGRAM
Goal is reduction of child mortality and morbidity through optimal feeding of infants and young children
Infant and Young Child Feeding
Main objective is to ensure and accelerate the promotion, protection and support of good infants and young children feeding practice
Infant and Young Child Feeding
is the annual weighing and height measurement of all preschool children 0-59 months old and children 60-71 months old who are not yet in school and done in communities.
Operation Timbang (OPT) Plus -
Participative gathering of mothers informally discussing health and nutrition, and encouraging each other to apply good health and nutrition practices in their home
PABASA SA NUTRITION
A simple procedure to find out if newborns have a congenital metabolic disorder that may lead to mental retardation and even death if left untreated
Newborn Screening
The tests often scan for genetic and metabolic abnormalities, hearing problems, specific heart problems, and other conditions that can hinder their development.
Newborn Screening
s done by collecting a few drops of blood from the baby’s heel
Newborn Screening Test
Ideally, newborn screening should be done ___ days after birth or before discharge from the hospital.
two
is an inherited disease in which the body cannot metabolize a protein called phenylalanine.
Phenylketonuria (PKU)
Without treatment, PKU can cause ____________________.
intellectual disability
This is a condition in which the baby is born with too little thyroid hormone.
Congenital hypothyroidism
Untreated low thyroid hormone levels can lead to
mental developmental problems and poor growth
This is an inherited disorder in which the baby is unable to metabolize galactose, a milk sugar.
Galactosemia
This inherited disorder occurs primarily in African Americans, but may also occur in Hispanics and Native Americans.
Sickle cell disease
The disease causes a severe form of anemia.
Sickle cell disease
This is an inherited disorder. The disorder is caused by an inability of the body to properly process certain parts of protein called amino acids.
Maple syrup urine disease
The name comes from the characteristic odor of maple syrup in the baby’s urine caused by the abnormal protein metabolism
Maple syrup urine disease
This inherited disorder affects one in 200,000 babies and causes intellectual disability, bone disease, and blood clots.
Homocystinuria
It is caused by a deficiency of an enzyme necessary to digest an amino acid called methionine
Homocystinuria
this inherited disorder is characterized by a deficiency of the biotinidase enzyme.
Biotinidase deficiency
This enzyme is important in metabolizing biotin, a B vitamin.
Biotinidase
is inherited disease of the adrenal glands
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Babies born with ____________________________ cannot make enough of the hormone cortisol, which helps control energy, sugar levels, blood pressure, and how the body responds to the stress of injury or illness.
congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
This disorder of fatty acid oxidation can cause sudden death in infancy and serious disabilities in survivors, such as intellectual disability.
Medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCAD)
deficiency is an inherited condition. It is when the body doesn’t have enough of an enzyme called G6PD (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase)
G6PD
this enzyme helps red blood cells work properly
glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
A lack of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme can cause
hemolytic anemia
This is when the red blood cells break down faster than they are made
hemolytic anemia
is a process by which vaccines are introduced into the body before infection sets in
Immunization
are administered to induce immunity thereby causing the recipient’s immune system to react to the vaccine that produce antibodies to fight infection.
Vaccines
EXPANDED PROGRAM ON IMMUNIZATION
Specific goals:
a. To immunize all infants/ children against the most common vaccine-preventable diseases
b. To sustain polio-free status of the Philippines
c. To eliminate measles infection
d. To eliminate maternal and neonatal tetanus
e. To control diphtheria, pertussis, hepatitis b and German measles
f. To prevent extra pulmonary tuberculosis among children
STRATEGIES of EXPANDED PROGRAM ON IMMUNIZATION:
- Conduct of routine immunization for infants/ children/ women through the REB strategy
- Supplementary Immunization activities
- Strengthening Vaccine- Preventable Disease Surveillance
- Procurement of adequate and potent vaccines and needles and syringes to all health facilities nationwide
Philippine Commitment to International Declarations on Immunization
Polio Eradication
Measles Elimination
Maternal - Neonatal Tetanus Elimination
Accelerated Hepatitis B Control
The Philippines was certified polio-free since 2000 and has remained so to date. However, it continues to be high-at-risk for wild polio virus (WPV) importation and emergence of vaccine-derived polio virus.
Polio Eradication
resistance to the spread of an infectious disease within a population that is based on pre-existing immunity of a high proportion of individuals as a result of previous infection or vaccination.
HERD IMMUNITY
10 Steps to Successful Breastfeeding
- Have a written breastfeeding policy that is routinely communicated to all health care staff.
- Train all health care staff in the skills necessary to implement this policy.
- Inform all pregnant women about the benefits and management of breastfeeding.
- Help mothers initiate breastfeeding within one hour of birth
- Show mothers how to breastfeed and how to maintain lactation, even if they are separated from their infants.
- Give infants no food or drink other than breast-milk, unless medically indicated.
7 Practice rooming in - allow mothers and infants to remain together 24 hours a day. - Encourage breastfeeding on demand.
- Give no pacifiers or artificial nipples tobreastfeeding infants.
- Foster the establishment of breastfeeding support groups and refer mothers to them on discharge from the hospital or birth center
Help mothers initiate breastfeeding within _____ hour of birth
one
Encourage breastfeeding on ________________.
demand
The Philippines was certified polio-free since ____________ and has remained so to date.
2000
The Philippines was certified polio-free since 2000 and has remained so to date. However, it continues to be high-at-risk for _________________________ and emergence of _________________________
wild polio virus (WPV) importation; vaccine-derived polio virus.
IS A VACCINE FOR TUBERCULOSIS (TB) DISEASE
BCG - BACILLUS CALMETTE-GUERIN
BCG is gave at?
at birth
BCG route
injected strictly intradermally in the arm, over the distal insertion of the deltoid muscle onto the humerus
BCG Storage
+2 to +8 degrees Celsius
TO PREVENT THE SEVERE LIVER DISEASE THAT CAN DEVELOP WHEN CHILDREN OR ADULTS ARE INFECTED WITH HEPATITIS B VIRUS
HEPATITIS B VACCINE
Hepatitis B Vaccine is given at? route? storage?
at birth; intramuscular; +2 to +8 degrees Celsius
___________________________ PROVIDES PROTECTION TO A CHILD FROM 5 LIFE-THREATENING DISEASES - _______________________________________________
PENTAVALENT VACCINE; DIPHTHERIA, PERTUSSIS, TETANUS,
HEPATITIS B AND HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE B (HIB)
Pentavalent Vaccine is given at?
at the age of one and a half month of the baby
Pentavalent Vaccine dosage? interval? route? +2 to +8 degrees Celsius
3 doses; 28 days or 4 weeks; Intramuscular; +2 to +8 degrees Celsius
PROTECTS AGAINST POLIOVIRUS TYPES 1, AND 3
ORAL POLIO VACCINE
ORAL POLIO VACCINE
Given :
Dosage:
Interval:
Route :
Storage :
at the age of one and a half month of the baby; 3 doses are required; 28 days or 4 weeks; Oral; +2 to +8 degrees Celsius
IS AN INJECTABLE VACCINE THAT PROVIDES PROTECTION IN THE BLOOD
INACTIVATED POLIO VACCINE
FURTHER STRENGTHENS THE PROTECTION GIVEN BY OPV AND HELPS INCREASE THE OVERALL PROTECTION OF YOUR CHILD AGAINST POLIO
INACTIVATED POLIO VACCINE
INACTIVATED POLIO VACCINE
Given :
Dosage:
Interval:
Route :
Storage :
at the age of 3mond and half; 1 dose is required; 28 days or 4 weeks; Intramuscular; +2 to +8 degrees Celsius
THE VACCINE HELPS PROTECT AGAINST 13 TYPES OF PNEUMOCOCCAL BACTERIA THAT CAN CAUSE SERIOUS INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN AND ADULTS.
PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE 13
PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE 13
Given :
Dosage:
Interval:
Route :
Storage :
at the age of one and a half month of the baby; 3 doses are required; 28 days or 4 weeks; Intramuscular; +2 to +8 degrees Celsius
HELPS TO PROTECT AGAINST MEASLES, MUMPS, AND RUBELLA
MEASLES, MUMPS, AND RUBELLA (MMR) VACCINE
MEASLES, MUMPS, AND RUBELLA (MMR) VACCINE
Given :
Dosage:
Interval:
Route :
Storage :
at the age of 9 months and 12 months of the baby; 2 doses are required ; subcutaneous; +2 to +8 degrees Celsius
are small indicators that adhere to vaccine vials and change color as the vaccine is exposed to cumulative heat, letting health workers know whether the vaccine has exceeded a pre-set limit beyond which the vaccine should not be used
Vaccine Vial Monitor
FIFO
First to IN, First to OUT, What comes in first, goes out first as well
FEFO
First Expired, First Out
