Family Demography

Question 1

Demography definition

Answer 1

Study of populations their characteristics and how they change

Question 2

Divorce rate

Answer 2

Number of 1000 married people per year

Question 3

Divorce statistics

Answer 3

Expected 42% marriages end in divorce and half of them will occur in first 10 years of marriage.

Question 4

Reasons for increase in divorce

Answer 4

Change in law
Changing attitude
rising expectations
Rise Of feminism

Question 5

Changes in law

Answer 5

19th century women had to prove adultery or husbands cruelty.
1923 grounds for divorce equalised
1969 divorce reform act- breakdown of marriage soles ground for divorce, 2 years separation of both consent, 5 if one doesn’t.
1984- need to be married a year before petition for divorce

Question 6

Changing attitudes

Answer 6

YOUGOV2013- 2/3 people thought no long sigma to get divorced

Gibson- weakened degree to which religion can bind a couple together

Question 7

Rising expectations

Answer 7

Functionalist fletcher- people still value marriage so they have high expectations and no tolerance
Giddens- ‘pure relationship’ if needs aren’t met free to leave

Question 8

Rise of feminism

Answer 8

2/3 all divorces by women

Thomas and collard- women expect more from relationships

Question 9

Validity

Answer 9

Quality of accuracy and truthfulness

Question 10

Reliability

Answer 10

Ability to repeat something with same results

Question 11

Functionalist view on high divorce rate

Answer 11

Leaving a bad marriage for a better one

Re marrying shows how much people value marriage to get it perfect

Question 12

New right view on high divorce rate

Answer 12

Best family has married hetrosexual couple so dissaprove of divorce.
Increase line parents so increase in benefits. Want laws making it harder to divorce

Question 13

Feminist view on high divorce rate

Answer 13

See men as enemy.
Women takers of shiy.
2/3 divorce by women 
Radical feminist- break from oppression 
Liberal feminist- recognise law change

Question 14

Postmodernist view on high divorce rate

Answer 14

Stay in one relationship until it doesn’t meet individual needs and isn’t equal then they leave and find new one

Question 15

Marriage rate

Answer 15

Number of men or women marrying per 1000 unmarried women or women aged 16 or over each year

Question 16

Marriage statistics

Answer 16

2015- 1/3 marriages were re marriage

2015- 239,020 heterosexual marriages in England and Wales

Question 17

Reasons for decrease in marriage

Answer 17

Cost £30,000 
Sharpe- priority shift
Fletcher- wait for idea marriage 
Secularisation 
High expectations

Question 18

Cohabitation

Answer 18

Living with a partner without being married

Question 19

Cohabitation statistics

Answer 19

101,000 Sam sex cohabiting families uk 2017.

17% all families

Question 20

Reasons for cohabitation

Answer 20

Don’t work so can’t afford it.
Divorced so no significance 
Ageing population 
Priority shift 
Fear of marriage 
Marriage expensive

Question 21

forced Singlehood

Answer 21

Single due to circumstance

Question 22

Elective singlehood

Answer 22

Chosen to live alone

Question 23

Reasons for singlehood

Answer 23

Secularisation
Giddens, fletcher high expectation of relationship
Ageing population- 40% all single person households over 65
More financially dependent

Question 24

Living apart together

Answer 24

In a Relationship but live in different houses

Question 25

Advantages of living single person household

Answer 25

``` More focus on career No tension Privacy Jamison- freedom of solo living in twenties Fewer restricted opportunities Increased geographical mobility ```

Question 26

Disadvantages of single person household

Answer 26

Expensive No emotional support Macvarish- women 35-50 felt some pain about living alone

Question 27

Single household statistics

Answer 27

2015 1 in 4 young adults lived with their parents and this was a 25% increase since 1996.

Question 28

Boomerang generation

Answer 28

Young adults who leave family home but then return e.g financial, break ups

Question 29

Clipped wing generation

Answer 29

Young adults who want to move out but can’t afford it

Question 30

Kippers

Answer 30

Kids in parents pockets eroding retirement savings e.g. no rush to move out

Question 31

Birth rate

Answer 31

Number of live births per thousand of the population per year

Question 32

Total fertility rate

Answer 32

Average number of children women will have during their fertile years

Question 33

Birth rate statistics

Answer 33

1900 28.7 | 2017 11.6

Question 34

Total fertility rate

Answer 34

1900- 6 | 2017- 1.76

Question 35

Each baby boom

Answer 35

1921 1946 1964

Question 36

Reasons for decline in birth rate

Answer 36

Changes in position and priorities of women. Decline in infant mortality rate. Cost of children

Question 37

Changes in position and priorities of women

Answer 37

Increase gender equality Ability to control reproduction, more to life than domestic chores. Sharpe 1994 and Wilkinson 1994 Harper education of women is most important

Question 38

Decline in infant mortality rate

Answer 38

Better health care Parents would ahve babies to replace ones they’ve lost Better safety Secularisation

Question 39

Cost of children

Answer 39

Intro if child labour laws + compulsory schooling and centred society raising child to 21 cost £230,000

Question 40

Dependency ratio

Answer 40

Relationship between size of working population and non working part of population

Question 41

Lone patent family statistics

Answer 41

22% families with children in 2017 % lone parent families tripled since 1971 Over 90% headed by mothers

Question 42

Reasons for increase in lone parents

Answer 42

``` Increase birthing techinokogy Postmodernist leave if needs aren’t met Domestic abuse awareness Decrease in marriage Secularisation- sex before marriage ```

Question 43

New right view on lone parent families

Answer 43

Damaging and non useful to bring up a child Need role model of each gender murray- bad for economy as more likely to reply on benefits Dennis and erdos- disadvantaged if no father

Question 44

Death rate

Answer 44

Number of deaths by thousand of the population

Question 45

Infant mortality rate

Answer 45

Number of deaths of bailies in first year of life per thousand live birthday per year

Question 46

What happened between 1900 and 2017 to death rate

Answer 46

Decreased

Question 47

What happened between 1900 and 2017 to infant mortality rate

Answer 47

Decreased

Question 48

Life expectancy

Answer 48

How long on average a person born in a given year can expect to live

Question 49

Natural change

Answer 49

Difference between number of births and number of deaths