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IM > Fam med - Imma treat you! > Flashcards

Fam med - Imma treat you! Flashcards

1
Q

What are the treatment options for squamous cell carcinoma?

A

surgical excision, radiation therapy, or cryotherapy for smaller lesions

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2
Q

What are the treatment options for actinic keratosis?

A

5 fluorouracil

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3
Q

What is the best treatment option for tinea ungulum?

A

griseofulvin, terbinafine 250mg or itraconazole as 200mg pulse therapy

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4
Q

When is Moh’s surgery indicated?

A

non melanoma greater than 2 cm

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5
Q

What advice can you give to patients to help them manage their migraine headaches?

A

Headache diary, decrease use of caffeine, try to get more sleep

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6
Q

What are the 5 major classes of medication that can be used to treat headaches?

A

riptans, ergot alkaloids, aspirin/butalbital/caffeine, acetaminophen/butalbital/caffeine, acetaminophen/dichloralphenazone

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7
Q

What methods of migraine prophylaxis are there?

A

Beta-blockers, Neurostabilizers, Tricyclic antidepressants, Calcium channel blocker,

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8
Q

How should you treat a patient with suspected GERD?

A

test and treat strategy - PPI
-refer for endoscopy if persistent after 8 weeks, use 24 hour probe when GERD not responding and pat. considering surgery

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9
Q

What are the next steps in managing GERD in a patient who does not respond to therapy?

A

The H. pylori IgG serologic test - shows if ever been infected with H. Pylori. urease breath test remains less acurate on PPI therapy, FOBT,

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10
Q

What is the recommended tx regimen for patients with H pylori?

A

Standard dose PPI + amoxicillin 1 gram + clarithromycin 500mg all twice daily for 10-14 days OR Standard dose PPI once or twice daily + metronidazole 250 mg, tetracycline 500 mg, + bismuth subsalicylate 525 mg each four times daily for 10-14 days

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11
Q

Describe how you quit smoking

A

start taking buproprion 1 week before quit date. 1 pill a day for 3 days, then 2 pills a day for a few days, then quit and continue 2 pills a day

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12
Q

How is bronchitis treated?

A

usually don’t need to treat - symptom management

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13
Q

How do you tx PNA in infants?

A

admit always, tx with ampicillin and gent

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14
Q

How do you tx PNA 3 weeks to 6 months?

A

admit if bacteria - give cefuoxime

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15
Q

How do you tx PNA 3 months to 5 years (and above)

A

admit if breathing badly. give CTX or amox;

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16
Q

What is the treatment of choice for pharyngitis?

A

penicillin VK

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17
Q

What is the treatment for tinea pedis?

A

tolnaftate

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18
Q

What are the tx approaches for testicular torsion?

A

Manual detorsion of the torsed testes,

orchipexy of both contra and ipsilateral testis

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19
Q

How does COPD treatment differ with varying degrees of COPD?

A 
if moderate, add inhaled anticholinergics
if severe (less than 50% predicted) add inhaled glucocorticoids
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20
Q

What are the indications that a COPD patient may benefit from antibiotic therapy?

A

increased dyspnea (A), increased sputum (phlegm) production (C), and a change in color of sputum

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21
Q

What are the major classes of antidepressant medications?

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors
SNRI

22
Q

What is effexor?

A

Serotonin and norepi reuptake inhibitor

23
Q

What is Buproprion?

A

norepi and dopamine reuptake inhibitor

24
Q

What are common side effects of SSRIs and SNRIs?

A

headaches, sleep disturbances, hyponatremia, serotonin syndrome (lethargy, restlessness, hypertonicity, rhabdo)

25
Q

What are the uses of zoloft?

A

approved specifically for obsessive-compulsive, panic, and posttraumatic stress disorders.

26
Q

What are common side effects of prozac?

A

agitation, motor restlessness, decreased libido in women, and insomnia.

27
Q

What are the uses and side effects of Paxil?

A

Strong antianxiety; side effects: significant weight gain, impotence, sedation, and constipation.

28
Q

What is the usage for Lexapro

A

GAD

29
Q

What are the uses and side effects of Luvox?

A

Particularly useful in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Greater frequency of emesis compared to other SSRIs

30
Q

What are the side effects of Celexa?

A

nausea, dry mouth, and somnolence

31
Q

What is the LDL goal if you have a CAD equivalent?

A

less than 100

32
Q

What medications have been shown to improve heart failure outcomes?

A

ARBs, ACEIs, beta blockers, spironolactone in patients with class III and IV HF

33
Q

What are the best treatment options for dysmenorrhea secondary to leiomyomas?

A

ibuprofen (decreases prostaglandins), mirena (for women trying to maintain fertility), combined hormones, depo, paragard IUD (no hormones)

34
Q

What are the tx options for women with dysmenorrhea without uterine path?

A

acupuncture, transcutaneous nerve stimulation, thiamine

35
Q

What are the tx options for PMS?

A

SSRIs, oral contraceptives, danazol, GnRH agonists (inhibit ovulation)

36
Q

When should you treat otitis media?

A

tx wtith antibiotics if children less than 6 months

if older, watchful waiting

37
Q

What treatments are useful in vertigo?

A

rehab, anticholinergic suppressants (meclizine), anti-emetics

38
Q

What are the treatment options for grave’s?

A

Methimazole, radioactive iodine (takes a few months to work) surgery - propanolol for symptomatic management

39
Q

How is hypothyroidism treated?

A

1.5-1.8 mcg per kilogram of thyroxine, check TSH 1 month later

40
Q

What medication is the first choice analgesic for short and long term treatment of osteoarthritis?

A

acetominaphen

41
Q

What test can be used to assess for a cruciate ligament rupture?

A

anterior or posterior drawer test

42
Q

What test can be used to assess for a meniscus injury?

A

mcMurry test (rub femur against tibia)

43
Q

What test can be used to assess for IT band syndrome?

A

ober test (turn patient on side, let leg relax and see if knee relaxes to ground)

44
Q

What is the follow up for radioactive iodine treatment?

A

TSH drawn every two to three months until it has stabilized. The time frame can be extended after that to six months or longer.

45
Q

Describe the tier model for management of type 2 diabetes

A

HbA1C>6.5 - metformin + lifestyle changes
HbA1C>8 - lifestyle changes, metformin, + sulfonyurea,
Reassessment -add basal insulin as needed
Next step: Add rapid acting insulin with meals

46
Q

How soon after a stroke should rehab start happening?

A

24-48 hours

47
Q

What is the best initial treatment for carpal tunnel?

A

nocturnal wrist splint

48
Q

What agents are used to tx hyperlipidemia?

A

statins - first line therapy
nicotinic acid - increases HDL
fish oil supplements

49
Q

What are common side effects of statins?

A

Hepatic dysfunction

myopathy `

50
Q

What medical options exist to reduce weight?

A

Orlistat, Phentermine, ariatric surgery (D)

Indications: Patients with BMI >40 or BMI ≥35

51
Q

What are common side effects of stimulant drugs?

A

Appetite suppression, tics, weight loss, insomnia, lower socioeconomic status, Prader-Willi

IM (24 decks)

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