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Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the conditions associated with acanthosis nigrans?

A

insulin resistance, gastrointestinal malignancy

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2
Q

What are the conditions associated with multiple skin tags?

A

insulin pregnancy crohn’s disease

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3
Q

What are the skins conditions associated with Hep C?

A

poryphyria cutanea tarda, cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis, lichen planus

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4
Q

What is the skin condition associated with celiac disease?

A

dermatitis herpetiformis

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5
Q

What is the disease associated with severe seborrhic dermatitis or sudden onset psoriasis?

A

HIV

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6
Q

What is the condition associated with explosive onset of itchy seborrhic keratoses?

A

gastrointestinal malignancy

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7
Q

What is the skin condition associated with inflammatory bowel disease?

A

pyoderma gangrenosum

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8
Q

Describe a typical herpetic cold sore and how it can be diagnosed

A

ulcer in mouth Tzank smear would show granulomas

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9
Q

Describe the typical presentation of GVHD

A

maculopapular rash involving hands and soles, blood positive diarrhea, jaundice and abnormal LFTs

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10
Q

A patient with HIV presents with a painless, pale dome-shaped papules with central umbilication in the thighs and pubic areas. What is this and what causes it? How do you treat?

A

molluscum contagiosum caused by poxviris - treat with liquid nitrogen

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11
Q

Someone presents with reddish purple plaques and nodules in the setting of HIV. What is it, what causes it?

A

Kaposi’s sarcoma, HHV8

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12
Q

Someone presents with painful punched out lesions around the mouth. What is this? What are potential consequences in someone who is immunocompromised?

A

Herpes simplex 1, can become disseminated, cause encephalitis

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13
Q

What are cavernous hemangiomas?

A

dilated vasculature - soft blue masses; don’t regress really. common in VHL disease

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14
Q

What are cystic hydgromas

A

lymphatic cysts lined by epithelium; benign, present at birth; common in Turners

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15
Q

What are spider angiomatas?

A

bright red central papule with radiating vessels.

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16
Q

What are strawberry hemangiomas?

A

bright red, appear during first few weeks of life

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17
Q

Circular red patches with central cleaning and scaly borders on the trunk

A

tinea corporis

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18
Q

salmon colored patches, silvery scales

A

psoriasis

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19
Q

oval scaly plaques following cleavage line sof trunk

A

ptyriasis rosea

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20
Q

maculopapular rash involving hands and soles

A

secondary syphillis

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21
Q

What is the presentation and treatment for psoriasis?

A

oncholysis, scaling papulosquamous rash. treat with topical steroids

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22
Q

A patient presents with a rash on face and scalp that seems especially worse in the winter. This is..

A

seborrheic dermatitis

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23
Q

What is the atopic triad?

A

atopic dermatitis, asthsma, allergic rhinitis

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24
Q

What is the best way to treat eczema?

A

change bathing habits (shorter showers), moisterize,

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25
Q

A patient presents with red and scaly plaques in the groin with well demarcated borders. this is.. (how do you diagnose?)

A

tinea - diagnose with PAS or KOH

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26
Q

A patient presents with blisters with erosions and ulcerations - slight rubbing of the skin produces easy separation of the epidermis and microscopy shows IgG deposits in the epidermis. This is…

A

pemphigus vulgaris

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27
Q

Distinguish between bullous pemphigoid, bullous impetigo, pemphigus vulgaris and dermatitis herpetiformis

A

bullous pemphigoid - benign, tense blisters. no oral lesions, IgG at epidermal junction bullous impetigo - contagious infection with honey colored crusts on bullae dermatitis herpetiformis - pruritic papules with IgA deposits

28
Q

What medications can trigger bullous pemphigoid?

A

furosemide, NSAIDS, captopril, antibiotics

29
Q

A young patient presents with tense blisters that are subepidermal. On immunofluorescent microscopy, you would look for…

A

IgA deposits at the dermal-epidermal junction (linear IgA bullous dermatosis)

30
Q

A patient with HIV presents with bright red firm friable exophytic nodules. This is.. (and is treated with)

A

bacillary angiomatosis caused by bartanella - tx with erythromycin

31
Q

A patient presents withan enlarging sore over the right ear that bleeds and oozes. The treatment for this?

A

moh’s surgery - surgical excision with 1-2mm clear margin

32
Q

A patient presents with sharply demarcated erythematous, edematous rash with raised borders with fevers. This is..

A

erysipelas - a type of cellulitis caused by group A strep

33
Q

What is the difference between TEN and steven’s johnsons?

A

on the same spectrum - TEN involves more than 30% body area

34
Q

A patient presents with a scaling plaque that has a central ulceration and 1.5 cm diameter. Biopsy shows polygonal cells with atypical nuclei. This is..

A

squamous cell carcinoma - more metastatic than basal cell carcinoma

35
Q

What are well known risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma?

A

sunlight, arsenic, aromatic hydrocarbons

36
Q

What are the conditions associated with erythema nodosum?

A

sarcoid, TB, histoplasmosis, inflammatory bowel disease

37
Q

A patient with Hep C presents with blisters on the backs of her hands, and hyperpigmentation. this is..

A

porphyria cutanea tarda

38
Q

A patient just bought a new bracelet and presents with symptoms on her wrist. This is…

A

nickel allergy

39
Q

A patient presents with a firm nodule on her eyelid and loss of eyelashes. This is..

A

basal cell carcinoma

40
Q

A pale, light skinned patient presents with rosy hue with telangectasia over the cheeks and nose very time she has a hot drink or gets angry. She also gets pustules and papules. This is..

41
Q

The most common benign tumor of the eyelid is..

A

squamous papilloma

42
Q

A patient presents with lesions over her breasts and thighs that are well demarcated with bullae and necrotic changes. She was recently started on warfarin. This is..

A

warfarin induced necrosis - give vit K immediately

43
Q

A patient presents with pale patches around her mouth as well as around her breasts. This is …

A

vitilgo - autoimmune destruction of the melanocytes

44
Q

A patient presents with a brown irregular lesion - what is the next step?

A

excisional biopsy - this is suspicious for a melanoma

NOTE: if greater than 1cm depth, have a sentinal node biopsy

45
Q

A patient has frosbite injuries - what is the best step in management?

A

rapid rewarming with warm water

46
Q

A patient presents with sudden onset skin lesions and fevers associated with headache and malaise - there is erythema and blistering on the hands, arms and feet. He is unable to eat or drink due to pain in his mouth and throat

A

This is STeven Johnson syndrome - target appearence is pathogomonic

47
Q

A young child presents with acute exfoliation seen below. This is..

A

staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome

48
Q

A patient presents with the skin disorder seen below. This is..

49
Q

A patient with celiacs presents with the rash seen - what is the best course of tx?

A

this is dermatits herpetiformis - treat with dapsone

50
Q

A patient presents with rough, dry, scaly skin. Her skin was normal at birth but gradually became dry. This is…

A

ichthyosis vulgaris

51
Q

A patient presents with a rash that progressed from the forehead down to the nose that’s greasy looking, fine and yellowish. This is..

A

seborrhic dermatitis

52
Q

A patient comes back from vacation and presents with multiple velvety pale macules measuring 4-5 cm in diameter that scale with scraping. The area isn’t tanning anymore. This is..

A

tinea versicolor - tx with selenium sulfide lotion

53
Q

A patient was given some medication for facial lesions and then at the beach noticed erythema, edema and vesicles on the face, neck and dorsal hands. This is..

A

doxycycline induced phototoxicity

54
Q

A patient presents with an oily complexion, scattered comedones with limited inflammation. Tx with?

A

topical retinoids

if becomes inflammatory, add benzoyl peroxide and antibiotics

If cystic and unresponsive - add oral isotretinoin

55
Q

Angioedema from ACE inhibitors can occur…

A

anytime! typically occurs within days to weeks though - levels of bradykinin increase

56
Q

How can you distinguish a melanocytic nevus from melanoma?

A

melanocytic nevi tend to obey ABCDE

57
Q

A patient presents with a round macule with even pigmentation (See below). This is..

A

lentigo simplex - intraepidermal melanocyte hyperplasia

58
Q

A patient presents with recurring chlazion that recedes with hot compresses but then comes back. It’s nodular, rubbery, painless. What is the next step?

A

histopath - this could be sebaceous carcinoma

59
Q

A patient presents with an itchy rash (urticaria) after taking amox for a sore throat. the best step?

A

tx with antihistamine

60
Q

A patient with athelets foot presents with red streaks up the leg, fever, chills,, malaise and a white count of 15000. What’s the best TX?

A

IV nafcillin

61
Q

A mole with a “stuck on” appearence, well circumscribed, hyperpigmented is most likely

A

seborrhic keratosis

62
Q

A dome shaped nodule with a central keratinous plug is most likely

A

keratoacanthoma

63
Q

How should you tx comedonal acne vs. inflammatory acne vs. cystic acne?

A

comedonal - retinoids

inflammatory - add topic antibiotics

nodular - if severe, add oral isotretinoin

64
Q

An older patient presents with frequent skin discolorations, dark ecchymotic areas on the arms. labs are normal. this is..

A

perivascular connective tissue atrophy

65
Q

A patient presents with a slow growing papule with pearly rolled border, telangectasia and ulceration. This is..

A

basal cell carcinoma

IM (24 decks)

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