Dermatology Flashcards by J K.

What are the conditions associated with acanthosis nigrans?

insulin resistance, gastrointestinal malignancy

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What are the conditions associated with multiple skin tags?

insulin pregnancy crohn’s disease

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What are the skins conditions associated with Hep C?

poryphyria cutanea tarda, cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis, lichen planus

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What is the skin condition associated with celiac disease?

dermatitis herpetiformis

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What is the disease associated with severe seborrhic dermatitis or sudden onset psoriasis?

HIV

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What is the condition associated with explosive onset of itchy seborrhic keratoses?

gastrointestinal malignancy

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What is the skin condition associated with inflammatory bowel disease?

pyoderma gangrenosum

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Describe a typical herpetic cold sore and how it can be diagnosed

ulcer in mouth Tzank smear would show granulomas

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Describe the typical presentation of GVHD

maculopapular rash involving hands and soles, blood positive diarrhea, jaundice and abnormal LFTs

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A patient with HIV presents with a painless, pale dome-shaped papules with central umbilication in the thighs and pubic areas. What is this and what causes it? How do you treat?

molluscum contagiosum caused by poxviris - treat with liquid nitrogen

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Someone presents with reddish purple plaques and nodules in the setting of HIV. What is it, what causes it?

Kaposi’s sarcoma, HHV8

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Someone presents with painful punched out lesions around the mouth. What is this? What are potential consequences in someone who is immunocompromised?

Herpes simplex 1, can become disseminated, cause encephalitis

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What are cavernous hemangiomas?

dilated vasculature - soft blue masses; don’t regress really. common in VHL disease

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What are cystic hydgromas

lymphatic cysts lined by epithelium; benign, present at birth; common in Turners

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What are spider angiomatas?

bright red central papule with radiating vessels.

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What are strawberry hemangiomas?

bright red, appear during first few weeks of life

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Circular red patches with central cleaning and scaly borders on the trunk

tinea corporis

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salmon colored patches, silvery scales

psoriasis

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oval scaly plaques following cleavage line sof trunk

ptyriasis rosea

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maculopapular rash involving hands and soles

secondary syphillis

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What is the presentation and treatment for psoriasis?

oncholysis, scaling papulosquamous rash. treat with topical steroids

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A patient presents with a rash on face and scalp that seems especially worse in the winter. This is..

seborrheic dermatitis

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What is the atopic triad?

atopic dermatitis, asthsma, allergic rhinitis

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What is the best way to treat eczema?

change bathing habits (shorter showers), moisterize,

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A patient presents with red and scaly plaques in the groin with well demarcated borders. this is.. (how do you diagnose?)

tinea - diagnose with PAS or KOH

A patient presents with blisters with erosions and ulcerations - slight rubbing of the skin produces easy separation of the epidermis and microscopy shows IgG deposits in the epidermis. This is...

pemphigus vulgaris

Distinguish between bullous pemphigoid, bullous impetigo, pemphigus vulgaris and dermatitis herpetiformis

bullous pemphigoid - benign, tense blisters. no oral lesions, IgG at epidermal junction bullous impetigo - contagious infection with honey colored crusts on bullae dermatitis herpetiformis - pruritic papules with IgA deposits

What medications can trigger bullous pemphigoid?

furosemide, NSAIDS, captopril, antibiotics

A young patient presents with tense blisters that are subepidermal. On immunofluorescent microscopy, you would look for...

IgA deposits at the dermal-epidermal junction (linear IgA bullous dermatosis)

A patient with HIV presents with bright red firm friable exophytic nodules. This is.. (and is treated with)

bacillary angiomatosis caused by bartanella - tx with erythromycin

A patient presents withan enlarging sore over the right ear that bleeds and oozes. The treatment for this?

moh's surgery - surgical excision with 1-2mm clear margin

A patient presents with sharply demarcated erythematous, edematous rash with raised borders with fevers. This is..

erysipelas - a type of cellulitis caused by group A strep

What is the difference between TEN and steven's johnsons?

on the same spectrum - TEN involves more than 30% body area

A patient presents with a scaling plaque that has a central ulceration and 1.5 cm diameter. Biopsy shows polygonal cells with atypical nuclei. This is..

squamous cell carcinoma - more metastatic than basal cell carcinoma

What are well known risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma?

sunlight, arsenic, aromatic hydrocarbons

What are the conditions associated with erythema nodosum?

sarcoid, TB, histoplasmosis, inflammatory bowel disease

A patient with Hep C presents with blisters on the backs of her hands, and hyperpigmentation. this is..

porphyria cutanea tarda

A patient just bought a new bracelet and presents with symptoms on her wrist. This is...

nickel allergy

A patient presents with a firm nodule on her eyelid and loss of eyelashes. This is..

basal cell carcinoma

A pale, light skinned patient presents with rosy hue with telangectasia over the cheeks and nose very time she has a hot drink or gets angry. She also gets pustules and papules. This is..

rosacea

The most common benign tumor of the eyelid is..

squamous papilloma

A patient presents with lesions over her breasts and thighs that are well demarcated with bullae and necrotic changes. She was recently started on warfarin. This is..

warfarin induced necrosis - give vit K immediately

A patient presents with pale patches around her mouth as well as around her breasts. This is ...

vitilgo - autoimmune destruction of the melanocytes

A patient presents with a brown irregular lesion - what is the next step?

excisional biopsy - this is suspicious for a melanoma NOTE: if greater than 1cm depth, have a sentinal node biopsy

A patient has frosbite injuries - what is the best step in management?

rapid rewarming with warm water

A patient presents with sudden onset skin lesions and fevers associated with headache and malaise - there is erythema and blistering on the hands, arms and feet. He is unable to eat or drink due to pain in his mouth and throat

This is STeven Johnson syndrome - target appearence is pathogomonic

A young child presents with acute exfoliation seen below. This is..

staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome

A patient presents with the skin disorder seen below. This is..

impetigo

A patient with celiacs presents with the rash seen - what is the best course of tx?

this is dermatits herpetiformis - treat with dapsone

A patient presents with rough, dry, scaly skin. Her skin was normal at birth but gradually became dry. This is...

ichthyosis vulgaris

A patient presents with a rash that progressed from the forehead down to the nose that's greasy looking, fine and yellowish. This is..

seborrhic dermatitis

A patient comes back from vacation and presents with multiple velvety pale macules measuring 4-5 cm in diameter that scale with scraping. The area isn't tanning anymore. This is..

tinea versicolor - tx with selenium sulfide lotion

A patient was given some medication for facial lesions and then at the beach noticed erythema, edema and vesicles on the face, neck and dorsal hands. This is..

doxycycline induced phototoxicity

A patient presents with an oily complexion, scattered comedones with limited inflammation. Tx with?

topical retinoids if becomes inflammatory, add benzoyl peroxide and antibiotics If cystic and unresponsive - add oral isotretinoin

Angioedema from ACE inhibitors can occur...

anytime! typically occurs within days to weeks though - levels of bradykinin increase

How can you distinguish a melanocytic nevus from melanoma?

melanocytic nevi tend to obey ABCDE

A patient presents with a round macule with even pigmentation (See below). This is..

lentigo simplex - intraepidermal melanocyte hyperplasia

A patient presents with recurring chlazion that recedes with hot compresses but then comes back. It's nodular, rubbery, painless. What is the next step?

histopath - this could be sebaceous carcinoma

A patient presents with an itchy rash (urticaria) after taking amox for a sore throat. the best step?

tx with antihistamine

A patient with athelets foot presents with red streaks up the leg, fever, chills,, malaise and a white count of 15000. What's the best TX?

IV nafcillin

A mole with a "stuck on" appearence, well circumscribed, hyperpigmented is most likely

seborrhic keratosis

A dome shaped nodule with a central keratinous plug is most likely

keratoacanthoma

How should you tx comedonal acne vs. inflammatory acne vs. cystic acne?

comedonal - retinoids inflammatory - add topic antibiotics nodular - if severe, add oral isotretinoin

An older patient presents with frequent skin discolorations, dark ecchymotic areas on the arms. labs are normal. this is..

perivascular connective tissue atrophy

A patient presents with a slow growing papule with pearly rolled border, telangectasia and ulceration. This is..

basal cell carcinoma