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Radiography > Fall 2016 Final > Flashcards

Fall 2016 Final Flashcards

1
Q

_____ Theory most recognized-miniature solar system

A

Bohr

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2
Q
  1. What resides in the nucleus and what charge do they possess?
  2. What resides in shells and what is it’s charge?
A
  1. Protons (+) and neutrons (no charge)

2. Electrons (-)

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3
Q

Shells are named __1__ through __2__. The formula used to determine max # of electrons in a shell is __3__.

A
  1. K
  2. Q
  3. 2n squared
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4
Q
  1. Which shell is binding energy the greatest?

2. Which shell is binding energy the least?

A
  1. K

2. Q

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5
Q

Atomic # (__1__) is the number of __2__

A
  1. Z

2. Protons

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6
Q

Atomic Mass # (__1__) is the number of __2__ and __3__

A
  1. A
  2. Protons
  3. Neutrons
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7
Q

_____ ______-Atoms strive to maintain 8 electrons is outer most shell

A

Octet Configuration

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8
Q

____ ____-have the same # of protons and electrons

A

Electrically neutral

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9
Q

____ ____- sharing of outer shell electrons

A

Covalent Bonding

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10
Q

___ ____- giving up or receiving extra electrons

A

Ionic bonding

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11
Q

____ _____- # of electrons in outer most shell

A

Valence number

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12
Q

Alpha particles consist of __1__ protons and __2__ neutrons and possesses a __3__.

A
  1. 2
  2. 2
  3. Mass
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13
Q

Speed of light = _____ in a vacuum

A

186,400 miles/sec

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14
Q

___-highest point in a sine wave on top half (forward direction)

A

Crest

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15
Q

____-lowest point in a sine wave on bottom half (backward direction)

A

Valley

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16
Q

Amplitude is the distance from base to __1__ or base to __2__.

A
  1. Crest

2. Valley

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17
Q

Unit of frequency

A

Hertz

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18
Q

Number of oscillations or alternations/sec

A

Frequency

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19
Q

Wavelength is the distance between __1__ __2__ in a wave.

A

2 crests

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20
Q

Wavelength and frequency are _____ proportional

A

Inversely

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21
Q

Inverse square law

A

Old mAs Old Distance Sq.
——— = ——————
New mAs New Distance Sq.

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22
Q

“Carry Good Rifles U Very Independent Mighty Rebels” is an easy way to remember the __1__ from __2__ frequency/shortest WL to __3__ frequency/__4__ wavelength.

A
  1. Electromagnetic Spectrum
  2. Highest
  3. Lowest
  4. Longest
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23
Q

Electromagnetic spectrum from highest frequency to lowest.

A

Cosmic, Gamma, Roentgen, Ultraviolet, Visible light, Infrared, Microwave, Radio

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24
Q

Angstrom is a unit of __1__. Useful range of x-ray wavelengths is __2__ to __3__ Angstroms.

A
  1. Wavelength
  2. 0.1
  3. 1
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25
Q

Dual Theory of X-rays or __1__ Particle Duality=they exist as waves and __2__.

A
  1. Wave

2. Particles

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26
Q

Attenuation=____ + _____

A

Absorption + Scatter

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27
Q

Law of Conservation of Energy=Energy cannot be __1__ or __2__ but it’s form may be __3__

A
  1. Created
  2. Destroyed
  3. Altered
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28
Q

____ converts chemical to electrical energy

A

Battery

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29
Q

____ converts electrical to mechanical energy

A

Motor

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30
Q

____ converts mechanical to electrical energy

A

Generator

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31
Q

Converts AC to DC

A

Rectifier

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32
Q

ElectroSTATics=study of _____ electric charges

A

STATionary

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33
Q

Way to electric an object:
1.
2.
3.

A
  1. Contact
  2. Friction
  3. Induction
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34
Q

SCIO: Contact confers the __1__ charge; Induction confers the __2__ charge.

A
  1. Same

2. Opposite

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35
Q

Only ____ charges move in a solid conductor

A

Negative

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36
Q

The earth is a ball of __1__. Ground potential=__2__

A
  1. Electrons

2. 0

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37
Q

Sparks between loads and cloud/ground are _____

A

Lightening

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38
Q

______ is the undo mental unit electric charge

A

Coulomb

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39
Q

Laws of electrostatics:

  1. ____ attract and ____ repel
  2. _____ Law
  3. Most charges reside on the ___ surface
  4. Concentration of charge is greatest where _____ is greatest
A
  1. Unlikes—–Likes
  2. Coulomb’s
  3. External
  4. Curvature
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40
Q

_____ is the unit of potential difference/electric potential

A

Volt

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41
Q

Unit of current

A

Ampere/Amp

42
Q

Unit of resistance

A

Ohm

43
Q

Study of moving electric charges

A

Electrodynamics

44
Q

Allows flow of electricity

A

Conductors

45
Q

Some example of conductors is

A

Gold, silver, and copper

46
Q

Does NOT allow flow of electricity

A

Insulators

47
Q

Examples of insulators are

A

Rubber, glass, plastic

48
Q

Allows flow of electricity under certain conditions

A

Semiconductors

49
Q

Example of semiconductors is

A

Silicon

50
Q

Increased cross section of wire=_____ resistance (inversely proportional)

A

Decreased

51
Q

Increased length of wire=_____ resistance (directly proportional)

A

Increased

52
Q

Ohm’s Law: Volts=__1__ X __2__ (__3__)

A
  1. Amps
  2. Resistance
  3. V=IR
53
Q

Geographic North Pole is the magnetic _____ pole

A

South

54
Q

In a series circuit the __1__ never change. If one resistor goes out, they __2__.

A
  1. Amps

2. All go out

55
Q
  1. Are series circuits independent or interdependent?

2. What about parallel?

A
  1. Interdependent

2. Independent

56
Q

Parallel Circuit=__1__ never change. If one goes out, __2__

A
  1. Volts

2. They all don’t go out

57
Q

P=IV or __1__=__2__

POWER RULE

A

W=VA

58
Q

Magnetic flux lines travel __1__ to __2__ in space and __3__ to __4__ inside the magnetic.

A
  1. North
  2. South
  3. South
  4. North
59
Q

Natural magnets=_____

A

Earth

60
Q

Artificial permanent magnets=__1__ or __2__ magnet

A
  1. Horseshoe

2. Bar

61
Q

Electromagnet=__1__ when electric current is supply to a coil of wire.

A

Temporary

62
Q

Highly attracted to a magnet

A

Ferromagnetic

EX: iron,cobalt, nickel

63
Q

Partially attracted to a magnet

A

Paramagnetic

EX: platinum, Gadolinium

64
Q

Non-magnetic are ___ attracted

A

Not

65
Q

Magnetic susceptibility

A

Permeability

66
Q

Ability to retain magnetization

A

Retentivity

67
Q

Soft iron= __1__ permeability and __2__ retentivity;

Hard steel= __3__ permeability and __4__ retentivity

A
  1. High
  2. Low
  3. Low
  4. High
68
Q

Every current carrying wire is surrounded by a ______

A

Magnetic field

69
Q

Helix with a current

A

Solenoid

70
Q

Coil of wire

A

Helix

71
Q

Solenoid with an iron core

A

Electromagnet

72
Q

Strength of induced current in a wire is affect by:

  1. _____ of magnetic field
  2. _____ that wire cuts through magnetic field
  3. _____ between wire and mag field
  4. _____ of turns
A
  1. Strength
  2. Velocity
  3. Angle
  4. #
73
Q

Ways to induce a current in a wire:
1.
2.
3

A
  1. Pass wire through a magnetic field
  2. Pass magnetic field OVER a wire
  3. Allow a wire to lay with in varying strength magnetic field
74
Q

Generator-a wire is placed within a __1__. If the wire is rotated, a current will be __2__ in a wire. AC generator uses __3__ and DC generator uses __4__.

A
  1. Magnetic field
  2. Induced
  3. Slip rings
  4. Commutator Ring
75
Q

Motor-a wire is placed within a __1__. If electricity is applied to the wire, it will __2__.

A
  1. Magnetic field

2. Rotate

76
Q

Left hand thumb rule: wire grasp in hand…thumb indicates direction of __1__ and fingers indicate direction of __2__.

A
  1. Current flow

2. Flux lines

77
Q

Right hand thumb rule:

  1. Thumb
  2. Index
  3. Middle
    * *MOTOR RULE**
A
  1. Motion
  2. Field
  3. Current
78
Q

Left hand rule:

  1. Thumb
  2. Index
  3. Middle
    * *GENERATOR RULE**
A
  1. Motion
  2. Field
  3. Current
79
Q

Anode is rotated by and __1__ motor that has __2__ and __3__.

A
  1. Induction
  2. Rotor
  3. Stator
80
Q

Auto transformer= AC, __1__ kVp selector, __2__ coil of wire

A
  1. Self induction

2. One

81
Q

Transformer law

A

Vs = Ns
– –
Vp Np

82
Q

Step-up transformer=AC, __1__ induction, increases volt and decreases __2__, generates __3__, more turns on secondary side, __4__ wire on primary side.

A
  1. Mutual
  2. Amps
  3. KVP
  4. Thicker
83
Q

Step-down transformer=AC, __1__ induction, decreases __2__ no increases __3__, heats filament for __4__ emission, more turns on primary side, __5__ wire on secondary side.

A
  1. Mutual
  2. Volts
  3. Amps
  4. Thermionic
  5. Thicker
84
Q

Lamination is

A

Layering

85
Q

Lamination (layering) of core will help _____ transformer power losses

A

Decrease

86
Q

Air core, open core, closed core, and shell type are __1__.

__2__ I most commonly used

A
  1. Transformers

2. Shell type

87
Q

Meters on all the time=line voltmeter, filament __1__, pre-reading __2__

A
  1. Ammeter

2. Voltmeter

88
Q

__1__ or __2__=Only registers during actual exposure=__3__

A
  1. MAS
  2. Milliammeter
  3. Tube current
89
Q

Line voltage compensator adjusts incoming volts to maintain _____

A

220V

90
Q

EXs of Variable Resistors: __1__ coil, __2__, saturable reactor, high __3__ circuit.

A
  1. Choke
  2. Rheostat
  3. Frequency
91
Q

Falling load generator=RT selects __1__ and generator picks highest mA with __2__ exposure time.

A
  1. MAS

2. Shortest

92
Q

Photomultiplier=Exit-type ____ nearly obsolete

A

AEC

93
Q

Entrance type is modern type of __1__=__2__ Chamber

A
  1. AEC

2. Ionization

94
Q

Set back up timer at __1__of expected time (per __2__)

A
  1. 150%

2. DTP

95
Q

Self or __1__ Wave Rectification=__2__ impulses/sec through X-ray tube

A
  1. Half

2. 60

96
Q

Full Wave (4 valve tube) Rectification=__1__ impulses/sec through X-ray tube (pulsating DC)

A

120

97
Q

3 phase rectification=_____ impulses/sec through X-ray tube

A

360

98
Q

Solid State Rectification uses __1__ Technology or NP Junction=Silicon doped with either __2__ (N type) or __3__ (P Type)

A
  1. Semiconductor
  2. Arsenic
  3. Gallium
99
Q

High frequency generators are most efficient because they not have __1__ ripple; single phase has __2__ ripple.

A
  1. 1%

2. 100%

100
Q

Step-up transformer=increased __1__ and decreased __2__ (AC, MUTAL INDUCTION)

A
  1. Voltage

2. Amperage

101
Q

Step down transformer= __1__ voltage an __2__ amperage

A
  1. Decreased

2. Increased

102
Q

Autotransformer=AKA “_____” (AC SELF INDUCTION)

A

KV selector

Radiography (9 decks)

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