Chapt Four

Question 1

~Quality
~Penetration
~Energy

Answer 1

kV

Question 2

Milliamperage and exposure time have an ______ partly relationship when maintaining the same mAs

Answer 2

Inverse

Question 3

The minimum of change needed for a correct for a density error is determined by multiplying or dividing mAs by ______

Answer 3

2

Question 4

If a screen is 2xs fast then the mAs should be cut _____

Answer 4

1/2

Question 5

Making a visible change in density requires a minimum change in mAs by approx __1__.

Answer 5

30%

Question 6

What effects density because it alters amount and penetrating ability of the beam

Answer 6

kVp

Question 7

Maintaining or adjusting density can be accomplished with kV by using what rule?

Answer 7

15% Rule

Question 8

15% Rule states
A: changing kVp by 15% will have the same affects as __1__ or cutting it __2__

B: if you want to maintain density and you add 15% kVp, you must cut mAs ________.

C: if you subtract 15% kVp, you must _____ mAs

D: below 90 kV, work in factors of ______.

E: above the 90 kV work in factors of ______

Answer 8

A: 1-Doubling
2-in 1/2

B: half

C: double

D: 10
E: 15

Question 9

As _______ is increased, the quality of xray production is raised, but the energy of the photons is not affected.

Answer 9

mA

Question 10

In order to see a visible change in radiographic density, the mAs should be increased or deceased by ___________.

Answer 10

30%

Question 11

The law that explains the relationship between SID and mAs is ________

Answer 11

Inverse Square Law

Question 12

The amount of darkening/blackness which is seen on a radiograph is a measure of radiograph.

Answer 12

Density

Question 13

A radiograph is taken showing insufficient penetration. This could be corrected by _________

Answer 13

Increasing the kV

Question 14

The quality of an X-ray beam is primarily controlled by the _________.

Answer 14

kV

Question 15

A radiograph is produced which shows a large amount of scatter radiation. One method that can be employed to decrease this scatter is:

Answer 15

Lower the kV

Question 16

The use of low kV photons results in a radiograph with a small number of widely varying density values termed:

Answer 16

Short scale of contrast

Question 17

The mAs values for an exposure will primarily effect the following:

Answer 17

Pt. dose

Question 18

An increase in mAs during an exposure with no other changes made will increase the:

Answer 18

Number of photons produced

Question 19

Hardest to easiest to penetrate

Answer 19

Teeth, bone, muscle, fat, gas

Question 20

The major function of the grid generally utilized in an X-ray department serves to:

Answer 20

Reduce the scatter reaching the IR

Question 21

Which of the following would produce a radiograph with the longest scale of contrast?

A. 50 mA, 1 sec, 70kV

B. 100 mA, .5 sec, 80 kV

C. 200 mA, 1/4 sec, 90 kV

Answer 21

C

Question 22

Which is not used as contrast?

Air, Saline, Barium, or Iodine?

Answer 22

Saline

Question 23

Which would produce a longer scale of contrast, increasing kV or decreasing kV?

Answer 23

Increasing kV

Question 24

The greater the atomic number of the part, the ______ the resulting density on the radiograph.

Answer 24

Less

Question 25

If the distance tweet the tube and the pt. is cut in half and no adjustments we made to the technique, what happens to pt. dose?

Answer 25

It increases by 4 times

Question 26

An example of an inorganic interspacer

Answer 26

Aluminum

Question 27

Grids doesn’t __1__ production of scatter. It __2__ overall quality of image.

Answer 27

1. Decrease

2. Improves

Question 28

SCATTER IS ______

Answer 28

DENSITY

Question 29

Grid ratio=

Answer 29

Height of Pb strips/distance between Pb strips

Question 30

The higher the grid ratio, the more ________ the grid

Answer 30

Restrictive

Question 31

When dealing with grids;

• __1__ on the left (old) side
• __2__ on the right (new) side
• If either side is already at non-grid then you would __3__

Answer 31

1. Divide
2. Multiply
3. Skip the step

Question 32

~Quanity
~Number
~Amount

Answer 32

mAs

Question 33

Grid Ratios —-> Conversion factors.

1. 5:1
2. 6:1
3. 8:1
4. 12:1
5. 16:1

Answer 33

1. 2
2. 3
3. 4
4. 5
5. 6

Question 34

Increased screen speed =

Answer 34

Decreased pt. dose and detail/spatial resolution

Question 35

Decreased screen speed

Answer 35

Increased pt. dose and detail/ spatial resolution

Question 36

Inverse square law (density maintenance formula)

Answer 36

Old mAs Old D2
——— = ——–
New mAs New D2

Question 37

If you double the distance from the source or double the SID, the exposure will be ______ as strong

Answer 37

1/4

Question 38

An 8:1 grid is substituted for a 12:1 grid, when appropriate adjustments are made what happens to:

1. Scatter
2. Density
3. Contrast
4. Pt. dose

Answer 38

1. Increase
2. Increase
3. Decrease
4. Decrease

Question 39

Organic interspacers are

Answer 39

Balsa wood and cardboard

Question 40

Exposure levels used for an adult skull can be used for peds pt.s 1 years old and up because 2. Younger than this age the kVp should be 3

Answer 40

1. 6
2. Bone density has developed to adult level.
3. Reduced by 15%

Question 41

Positive contrast media

Answer 41

Barium and iodine

Question 42

Negative contrast media

Answer 42

Air and Co2

Question 43

Positive contrast typically require ________ in exposure factors

Answer 43

An increase

Question 44

mAs=

Answer 44

mA x time

Question 45

mA=

Answer 45

mAs/time

Question 46

Time=

Answer 46

mAs/mA

Question 47

Increase collimation:

1. Scatter _____
2. Density _____
3. Contrast ______
4. Pt. Dose ______

Answer 47

1. Decrease
2. Decrease
3. Increase
4. Decrease

Question 48

Increase mAs:

1. Scatter _____
2. Density _____
3. Contrast ______
4. Pt. Dose _______

Answer 48

1. Nothing
2. Increase
3. Nothing
4. Increase