Face, Scalp & Neck Muscles Flashcards
Frontalis (frontal belly)
Origin- epicranial aponeurosis, Insertion- skin of eyebrows.
Action- raises eyebrows & pulls scalp forward
Occipitalis
Origin- occipital & temporal bone, Insertion- epicranial aponeurosis
Action- fixes aponeurosis & pulls scalp backward
Orbicularis Oculi
Origin- frontal & maxillary bones, ligaments around orbit; Insertion- tissue of eyelid
Action- closes the eye (blinking & squinting)
Orbicularis Oris
Origin- indirect from maxilla & mandible (muscles covering maxilla & mandible); Insertion- muscles & skin at angles of mouth
Action- closes lips and purses the lips (kissing)
Zygomaticus (major & minor)
Origin- zygomatic bone; Insertion- skin/muscle at corner of mouth
Action- raises lateral corners of mouth (smiling)
Buccinator
Origin- molar region of maxilla & mandible; Insertion- orbicularis oris
Action- compresses the cheek (as in sucking), holds food between teeth during chewing, pulls corner of mouth laterally
Temporalis
Origin- temporal fossa; Insertion- coronoid process & fossa of mandible (via tendon that passes deep to zygomatic arch)
Action- closes jaw; elevates & retracts mandible
Masseter
Origin- zygomatic arch/bone; Insertion- angle and ramus of mandible
Action- prime mover of jaw; elevates mandible
Muscles acting on jaw
temporalis, masseter, buccinator, medial & lateral pterygoids
Sternocleidomastoid
Origin- manubrium of sternum & medial portion of clavicle; Insertion- mastoid process & superior nuchal line of occipital bone (located on anterior side of neck)
Actions- flexes head to same side, laterally rotates head to opposite shoulder
Splenius capitis
Origin- ligamentum nuchae ( or nuchal ligament which runs from external occipital protuberance to C7) & spinous process of C7-T6 vertebrae; Insertion- mastoid process & occipital bone (located on posterior side of neck)
Action- bilaterally extends and hyperextends head, unilaterally rotates and flexes head laterally (pulling ear down toward shoulder)
