Face And Cutaneous Innervation Flashcards
Where are muscles of facial expression located?
In the subcutaneous tissue of the anterior and posterior scalp, face and neck
Most facial expression muscles attach to:
How do they produce their effects?
Bone or fascia
By pulling the skin
Muscles of the face act as ____ and ____ that:
Sphincters and dilators
Close and open the orifices
OINA for frontal belly of occipitofrontalis
OR: Epicranial aponeurosis
INS: Skin and subcutaneous tissue of eyebrows and forehead
NS: Temporal branch of facial nerve
AC: Elevates eyebrows, wrinkles skin of forehead, protracts scalp
OINA for occipital belly of occipitofrontalis
OR: lateral 2/3 or superior nuchal line
INS: Epicranial aponeurosis
NS: post. Auricular branch of facial nerve
AC: retracts scap, increasing effectiveness of frontal belly
OINA for orbicularis oculi
OR: Medial orbital margin and lacrimal bone
INS:skin around margin of orbit
NS: zygomatic branch of facial nerve
AC: Closes eyelids: palpebral part does gently; orbital part tightly
OINA for Orbicularis oris
OR: Medial maxilla and mandible
INS: mucous membrane of lips
NS: Marginal mandibular branch of facial nerve
AC: closes mouth, compresses and protrudes lips
OINA for buccinator
OR: Alveolar process of maxilla and mandible, pterygomandinbular raphe
INS: Angle of mouth and orbicularis oris
NS: Buccaneers branch of facial nerve
AC: -Presses cheek against molar teeth
- Works with tongue to keep food between occlusal surfaces
- Active during sucking, whistling and blowing
OINA for platysma
OR: Subcutaneous tissue over the pect. Major and deltoid muscles
INS: Base of mandible; skin of cheek and lower lip; angle of mouth; orbicularis oris
NS: cervical branch of facial nerve
AC: -Depresses mandible (against resistance)
-Tenses skin of inf. Face and neck
Most arteries of the face are branches of the:
External carotid arteries
What is the major arterial supply to the face?
Facial artery
The facial artery arises from the:
It winds around the:
It enters to the face up to the:
External carotid artery
Inf. Border of the mandible, just anterior to the masseter
Medial angle of the eye
What are the branches of the facial artery and where do they pass
Superior labial artery (passes to upper lip)
Inf. Labial artery (passes to inf. Lip)
Lateral nasal artery (passes to side of the nose)
Angular artery (supplies medial angle of the eye)
The facial artery terminates as the:
Angular artery
The occipital artery arises from the:
External carotid artery
The occipital artery passes ____ along the:
It distributes to:
Posteriorly
Inf border of the digastric muscle
Scalp of back of the head, as far as vertex
The posterior auricular passes ____ along the:
It supplies:
Posteriorly
Superior border of the digastric muscle
Auricle and scalp post to auricle
The superficial temporal artery is a smaller ______ branch of:
Terminal
External carotid artery
The superficial temporal artery ascends ____ to ear to ____ region and ends in _____ by dividing into ____ and _____ branches
Anterior
Temporal
Scalp
Frontal and parietal branches
What does the superficial temporal supply?
Facial muscles and skin of frontal and temporal regions
The transverse facial artery arises from the ____ artery within the:
Superficial temporal
Parotid gland
The transverse facial art crosses the face superficial to the ______ and inferior to the:
Masseter
Zygomatic arch
The transverse facial art supplies:
Parotid gland and duct, masseter muscle and skin of face
The mental art is a terminal branch of what?
Inferior alveolar artery
The mental artery emerges from _____ foramen and passes to the:
Mental
Chin
What does the mental artery supply?
Facial muscles and skin of chin
The supraorbital art is a terminal branch of what?
Ophthalmic art— a branch of internal carotid artery
The supraorbital artery passes _____ from the ______ foramen
Superiorly
Supraorbital
What does the supraorbital artery supply?
Muscle and skin of forehead and scalp
The supratrochlear art is a terminal branch of:
Ophthalmic art— a branch of internal carotid artery
The supratrochlear art passes ____ from the _______ __.
It supplies:
Superiorly
Supratrochlear notch
Muscles and skin of the scalp
The facial vein begins:
It descends:
It terminates:
At the medial angle of the eye as the angular vein
Obliquely post. To facial artery up to the inf margin of mandible where it’s joined by ant branch of the retromandibular vein and form the common facial vein
Into the internal jugular vein
What are the tributaries of the facial vein?
Deep facial vein
Superior opthalmic vein
The veins of the face have no ___, and communicate with:
Valves
Cranial cavity
What does the deep facial vein drain?
The pterygoid venous plexus of the infatemporal fossa
The superior ophthalmic vein communicates with the ____ vein at the medial angle of the ____.
It drains into the _____ ___.
Facial
Eye
Cavernous sinus
What does the superficial temporal vein drain?
What are its tributaries?
Drains the forehead and scalp
Receives tributaries from the veins of the temple and face
Where does the superficial temporal vein enter the parotid gland?
Near the auricle
What forms the retromandibular vein?
The superficial temporal and maxillary veins
The retromandibular vein descends within the _____ ____, superficial to the ____ ____ ____ and deep to the ___ ___.
Parotid gland
External carotid artery
Facial nerve
The anterior branch of the retromandibular vein joins the ____ vein to form the:
Facial
Common facial vein
The posterior branch of the retromandibular vein joins the ____ _____ vein to form:
Posterior auricular vein
External jugular vein (EJV)
The EJV crosses the superficial surface of the ______ muscle to enter the _______ vein in the root of the neck
Sternocleidomastoid
Subclavian
What are the cutaneous nerves derived from the ophthalmic nerve? (CN V1)
Supra-orbital
Supratrochlear
Lacrimal
Infratrochlear
External nasal
Origin of supraorbital nerve
Terminal branch from bifurcation of frontal nerve, in middle of the orbital roof
The Supra-orbital nerve emerges from the ______ foramen, ascends the ______, breaking into branches
Supraorbital
Forehead
What does the supraorbital nerve supply?
Skin and conjunctiva of superior eyelid; skin and pericardium of anterolateral forehead and scalp to vertex
Origin of supratrochlear nerve :
Pathway:
Terminal branch from bifurcation of frontal nerve
Passes lateral to trochlea and ascending forehead
What does the supratrochlear nerve supply?
Skin and conjunctiva of medial aspect of superior eyelid; skin and pericardium of anteromedial forehead
The lacrimal nerve is a branch of ______.
It runs superolaterally through ______, receiving ________ fibers via a communicating branch from the ________ nerve.
CN V1
Orbit
Secretomotor
Zygomaticotemporal
Lacrimal nerve supplies what?
Lacrimal gland (secretomotor fibers); small area of skin and conjunctiva of lateral part of superior eyelid
The infratrochlear nerve is one of the terminal branches of _____ nerve, which comes from the _____ nerve.
Nasociliary
Ophthalmic
The infratrochlear nerve runs along the _____ wall of the orbit and exits:
Medial
Inferior to trochlea
What does the infratrochlear nerve supply?
Skin lateral to roof of nose, skin and conjunctiva of eyelids adjacent to medial angle, and lacrimal sac
The external nasal Nerve is a terminal branch of:
It emerges from _____ cavity BY passing between ___ ___ and ___ ___ ____.
Anterior ethmoidal nerve
Nasal cavity
Nasal bone
Lateral nasal cartilage
The external nasal nerve supplies what?
Ala and dorsum of nose
What are the cutaneous nerves derived from maxillary nerve (CN V2)?
Infraorbital
Zygomaticofacial
Zygomaticotemporal
The infraorbital nerve is a continuation of ______ nerve distal to its entrance into the ___ via the:
Maxillary
Orbit
Inferior orbital fissure
The infraorbital nerve transverses the _______ _____ and ____ in orbital floor, giving rise to ___ ____ branches; then emerges via ____ foramen, immediately dividing into:
Infraorbital groove and canal
Superior alveolar
Infraorbital
Inferior palpebral, external nasal, superior labial branches
What does the infraorbital nerve innervate
Skin and conjunctiva of inferior eyelid
Skin of cheek, lateral nose and nasal septum
Skin and organ mucosa of upper lip
Which nerve is the smaller terminal branch of the zygomatic nerve?
Which is the larger terminal branch?
Zygomaticofacial
Zygomaticotemporal
The zygomaticofacial nerve passes through the _______ canal in the zygomatic bone at the ______ angle of orbit
Zygomaticofacial
Inferolateral
Zygomaticofacial nerve supplies:
Skin on prominence of cheek
The zygomaticotemporal nerve sends a communicating branch to the _____ nerve in orbit, then passes to ____ fossa via the _______ canal in zygomatic bone
Lacrimal
Temporal
Zygomaticotemporal c
What does the zygomaticotemporal nerve supply
Skin overlying anterior part of temporal fossa
Cutaneous nerves derived from the mandibular nerve (CN V3)
Auriculotemporal
Buccaneers
Mental
The auriculotemporal nerve is found in the ______ fossa via two roots from:
Infratemporal
Posterior division of mandibular nerve
The auriculotemporal nerve encircles:
The middle meningeal artery
The auriculotemporal passes posteriorly deep to ______ of _____, and emerges posterior to the _______ joint.
Ramus of mandible
Temporomandubular
The auriculotemporal nerve supplies what?
Skin anterior to auricle and posterior two thirds of temporal region
Skin of Travis
Helix auricle, rook of external acoustic meatus
Skin of superior tympanic membrane
Buccal nerve arises in _______ fossa as :
Infratemporal
A sensory branch of anterior division of CN V3
The buccal nerve passes between:
It emerges anteriorly from:
Uniting with:
Two heads of lateral pterygoid muscle
Cover of ramus of mandible and masseter
Buccal branches of facial nerve
The buccal nerve supplies:
Skin and oral mucusa of cheek (overlying and deep to anterior part of buccinator)
Buccal gingiva adjacent to second and third molars
The mental nerve is a terminal branch of _____ ______ nerve
Inferior alveolar nerve (branch of mandibular nerve)
The mental nerve branches from the _____ foramen in anterolateral aspect of:
Mental
Body of mandible
The mental nerve supplies:
Skin of chin
Oral mucosa of lower lip
Cutaneous nerves derived from anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves
Great auricular
Lesser occipital
The great auricular nerve arises from what spinal nerves?
C2 and C3 via cervical plexus
The great auricular neve ascends vertically across _________, posterior to:
Sternocleidomastoid
External jugular vein
What does the great auricular nerve supply?
Skin overlying angle of mandible and inferior lobe of auricle
The lesser occipital nerve arises from what spinal nerves?
C2 and C3 via cervical plexus
The lesser occipital nerve follows _____ border of ____, then ascends:
Posterior
SCM
Posterior to auricle
What does the lesser occipital nerve supply
Scalp posterior to auricle
Cutaneous nerves derived from posterior rami of cervical spinal nerves
Greater occipital nerve
The greater occipital nerve is a branch of:
Posterior ramus of spinal nerve C2
The greater occipital nerve emerges between ____ and ____ ____ inferior, then ____
Axis
Obliques capitis
Pierces trapezius
What does the greater occipital nerve supply?
Scalp of occipital region
