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Head And Neck > Face And Cutaneous Innervation > Flashcards

Face And Cutaneous Innervation Flashcards

1
Q

Where are muscles of facial expression located?

A

In the subcutaneous tissue of the anterior and posterior scalp, face and neck

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2
Q

Most facial expression muscles attach to:

How do they produce their effects?

A

Bone or fascia

By pulling the skin

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3
Q

Muscles of the face act as ____ and ____ that:

A

Sphincters and dilators

Close and open the orifices

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4
Q

OINA for frontal belly of occipitofrontalis

A

OR: Epicranial aponeurosis

INS: Skin and subcutaneous tissue of eyebrows and forehead

NS: Temporal branch of facial nerve

AC: Elevates eyebrows, wrinkles skin of forehead, protracts scalp

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5
Q

OINA for occipital belly of occipitofrontalis

A

OR: lateral 2/3 or superior nuchal line

INS: Epicranial aponeurosis

NS: post. Auricular branch of facial nerve

AC: retracts scap, increasing effectiveness of frontal belly

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6
Q

OINA for orbicularis oculi

A

OR: Medial orbital margin and lacrimal bone

INS:skin around margin of orbit

NS: zygomatic branch of facial nerve

AC: Closes eyelids: palpebral part does gently; orbital part tightly

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7
Q

OINA for Orbicularis oris

A

OR: Medial maxilla and mandible

INS: mucous membrane of lips

NS: Marginal mandibular branch of facial nerve

AC: closes mouth, compresses and protrudes lips

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8
Q

OINA for buccinator

A

OR: Alveolar process of maxilla and mandible, pterygomandinbular raphe

INS: Angle of mouth and orbicularis oris

NS: Buccaneers branch of facial nerve

AC: -Presses cheek against molar teeth

  • Works with tongue to keep food between occlusal surfaces
  • Active during sucking, whistling and blowing
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9
Q

OINA for platysma

A

OR: Subcutaneous tissue over the pect. Major and deltoid muscles

INS: Base of mandible; skin of cheek and lower lip; angle of mouth; orbicularis oris

NS: cervical branch of facial nerve

AC: -Depresses mandible (against resistance)
-Tenses skin of inf. Face and neck

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10
Q

Most arteries of the face are branches of the:

A

External carotid arteries

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11
Q

What is the major arterial supply to the face?

A

Facial artery

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12
Q

The facial artery arises from the:

It winds around the:

It enters to the face up to the:

A

External carotid artery

Inf. Border of the mandible, just anterior to the masseter

Medial angle of the eye

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13
Q

What are the branches of the facial artery and where do they pass

A

Superior labial artery (passes to upper lip)

Inf. Labial artery (passes to inf. Lip)

Lateral nasal artery (passes to side of the nose)

Angular artery (supplies medial angle of the eye)

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14
Q

The facial artery terminates as the:

A

Angular artery

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15
Q

The occipital artery arises from the:

A

External carotid artery

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16
Q

The occipital artery passes ____ along the:

It distributes to:

A

Posteriorly

Inf border of the digastric muscle

Scalp of back of the head, as far as vertex

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17
Q

The posterior auricular passes ____ along the:

It supplies:

A

Posteriorly

Superior border of the digastric muscle

Auricle and scalp post to auricle

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18
Q

The superficial temporal artery is a smaller ______ branch of:

A

Terminal

External carotid artery

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19
Q

The superficial temporal artery ascends ____ to ear to ____ region and ends in _____ by dividing into ____ and _____ branches

A

Anterior

Temporal

Scalp

Frontal and parietal branches

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20
Q

What does the superficial temporal supply?

A

Facial muscles and skin of frontal and temporal regions

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21
Q

The transverse facial artery arises from the ____ artery within the:

A

Superficial temporal

Parotid gland

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22
Q

The transverse facial art crosses the face superficial to the ______ and inferior to the:

A

Masseter

Zygomatic arch

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23
Q

The transverse facial art supplies:

A

Parotid gland and duct, masseter muscle and skin of face

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24
Q

The mental art is a terminal branch of what?

A

Inferior alveolar artery

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25
Q

The mental artery emerges from _____ foramen and passes to the:

A

Mental

Chin

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26
Q

What does the mental artery supply?

A

Facial muscles and skin of chin

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27
Q

The supraorbital art is a terminal branch of what?

A

Ophthalmic art— a branch of internal carotid artery

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28
Q

The supraorbital artery passes _____ from the ______ foramen

A

Superiorly

Supraorbital

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29
Q

What does the supraorbital artery supply?

A

Muscle and skin of forehead and scalp

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30
Q

The supratrochlear art is a terminal branch of:

A

Ophthalmic art— a branch of internal carotid artery

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31
Q

The supratrochlear art passes ____ from the _______ __.

It supplies:

A

Superiorly

Supratrochlear notch

Muscles and skin of the scalp

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32
Q

The facial vein begins:

It descends:

It terminates:

A

At the medial angle of the eye as the angular vein

Obliquely post. To facial artery up to the inf margin of mandible where it’s joined by ant branch of the retromandibular vein and form the common facial vein

Into the internal jugular vein

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33
Q

What are the tributaries of the facial vein?

A

Deep facial vein

Superior opthalmic vein

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34
Q

The veins of the face have no ___, and communicate with:

A

Valves

Cranial cavity

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35
Q

What does the deep facial vein drain?

A

The pterygoid venous plexus of the infatemporal fossa

36
Q

The superior ophthalmic vein communicates with the ____ vein at the medial angle of the ____.
It drains into the _____ ___.

A

Facial

Eye

Cavernous sinus

37
Q

What does the superficial temporal vein drain?

What are its tributaries?

A

Drains the forehead and scalp

Receives tributaries from the veins of the temple and face

38
Q

Where does the superficial temporal vein enter the parotid gland?

A

Near the auricle

39
Q

What forms the retromandibular vein?

A

The superficial temporal and maxillary veins

40
Q

The retromandibular vein descends within the _____ ____, superficial to the ____ ____ ____ and deep to the ___ ___.

A

Parotid gland

External carotid artery

Facial nerve

41
Q

The anterior branch of the retromandibular vein joins the ____ vein to form the:

A

Facial

Common facial vein

42
Q

The posterior branch of the retromandibular vein joins the ____ _____ vein to form:

A

Posterior auricular vein

External jugular vein (EJV)

43
Q

The EJV crosses the superficial surface of the ______ muscle to enter the _______ vein in the root of the neck

A

Sternocleidomastoid

Subclavian

44
Q

What are the cutaneous nerves derived from the ophthalmic nerve? (CN V1)

A

Supra-orbital

Supratrochlear

Lacrimal

Infratrochlear

External nasal

45
Q

Origin of supraorbital nerve

A

Terminal branch from bifurcation of frontal nerve, in middle of the orbital roof

46
Q

The Supra-orbital nerve emerges from the ______ foramen, ascends the ______, breaking into branches

A

Supraorbital

Forehead

47
Q

What does the supraorbital nerve supply?

A

Skin and conjunctiva of superior eyelid; skin and pericardium of anterolateral forehead and scalp to vertex

48
Q

Origin of supratrochlear nerve :

Pathway:

A

Terminal branch from bifurcation of frontal nerve

Passes lateral to trochlea and ascending forehead

49
Q

What does the supratrochlear nerve supply?

A

Skin and conjunctiva of medial aspect of superior eyelid; skin and pericardium of anteromedial forehead

50
Q

The lacrimal nerve is a branch of ______.

It runs superolaterally through ______, receiving ________ fibers via a communicating branch from the ________ nerve.

A

CN V1

Orbit

Secretomotor

Zygomaticotemporal

51
Q

Lacrimal nerve supplies what?

A

Lacrimal gland (secretomotor fibers); small area of skin and conjunctiva of lateral part of superior eyelid

52
Q

The infratrochlear nerve is one of the terminal branches of _____ nerve, which comes from the _____ nerve.

A

Nasociliary

Ophthalmic

53
Q

The infratrochlear nerve runs along the _____ wall of the orbit and exits:

A

Medial

Inferior to trochlea

54
Q

What does the infratrochlear nerve supply?

A

Skin lateral to roof of nose, skin and conjunctiva of eyelids adjacent to medial angle, and lacrimal sac

55
Q

The external nasal Nerve is a terminal branch of:

It emerges from _____ cavity BY passing between ___ ___ and ___ ___ ____.

A

Anterior ethmoidal nerve

Nasal cavity

Nasal bone

Lateral nasal cartilage

56
Q

The external nasal nerve supplies what?

A

Ala and dorsum of nose

57
Q

What are the cutaneous nerves derived from maxillary nerve (CN V2)?

A

Infraorbital

Zygomaticofacial

Zygomaticotemporal

58
Q

The infraorbital nerve is a continuation of ______ nerve distal to its entrance into the ___ via the:

A

Maxillary

Orbit

Inferior orbital fissure

59
Q

The infraorbital nerve transverses the _______ _____ and ____ in orbital floor, giving rise to ___ ____ branches; then emerges via ____ foramen, immediately dividing into:

A

Infraorbital groove and canal

Superior alveolar

Infraorbital

Inferior palpebral, external nasal, superior labial branches

60
Q

What does the infraorbital nerve innervate

A

Skin and conjunctiva of inferior eyelid

Skin of cheek, lateral nose and nasal septum

Skin and organ mucosa of upper lip

61
Q

Which nerve is the smaller terminal branch of the zygomatic nerve?

Which is the larger terminal branch?

A

Zygomaticofacial

Zygomaticotemporal

62
Q

The zygomaticofacial nerve passes through the _______ canal in the zygomatic bone at the ______ angle of orbit

A

Zygomaticofacial

Inferolateral

63
Q

Zygomaticofacial nerve supplies:

A

Skin on prominence of cheek

64
Q

The zygomaticotemporal nerve sends a communicating branch to the _____ nerve in orbit, then passes to ____ fossa via the _______ canal in zygomatic bone

A

Lacrimal

Temporal

Zygomaticotemporal c

65
Q

What does the zygomaticotemporal nerve supply

A

Skin overlying anterior part of temporal fossa

66
Q

Cutaneous nerves derived from the mandibular nerve (CN V3)

A

Auriculotemporal

Buccaneers

Mental

67
Q

The auriculotemporal nerve is found in the ______ fossa via two roots from:

A

Infratemporal

Posterior division of mandibular nerve

68
Q

The auriculotemporal nerve encircles:

A

The middle meningeal artery

69
Q

The auriculotemporal passes posteriorly deep to ______ of _____, and emerges posterior to the _______ joint.

A

Ramus of mandible

Temporomandubular

70
Q

The auriculotemporal nerve supplies what?

A

Skin anterior to auricle and posterior two thirds of temporal region

Skin of Travis

Helix auricle, rook of external acoustic meatus

Skin of superior tympanic membrane

71
Q

Buccal nerve arises in _______ fossa as :

A

Infratemporal

A sensory branch of anterior division of CN V3

72
Q

The buccal nerve passes between:

It emerges anteriorly from:

Uniting with:

A

Two heads of lateral pterygoid muscle

Cover of ramus of mandible and masseter

Buccal branches of facial nerve

73
Q

The buccal nerve supplies:

A

Skin and oral mucusa of cheek (overlying and deep to anterior part of buccinator)

Buccal gingiva adjacent to second and third molars

74
Q

The mental nerve is a terminal branch of _____ ______ nerve

A

Inferior alveolar nerve (branch of mandibular nerve)

75
Q

The mental nerve branches from the _____ foramen in anterolateral aspect of:

A

Mental

Body of mandible

76
Q

The mental nerve supplies:

A

Skin of chin

Oral mucosa of lower lip

77
Q

Cutaneous nerves derived from anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves

A

Great auricular

Lesser occipital

78
Q

The great auricular nerve arises from what spinal nerves?

A

C2 and C3 via cervical plexus

79
Q

The great auricular neve ascends vertically across _________, posterior to:

A

Sternocleidomastoid

External jugular vein

80
Q

What does the great auricular nerve supply?

A

Skin overlying angle of mandible and inferior lobe of auricle

81
Q

The lesser occipital nerve arises from what spinal nerves?

A

C2 and C3 via cervical plexus

82
Q

The lesser occipital nerve follows _____ border of ____, then ascends:

A

Posterior

SCM

Posterior to auricle

83
Q

What does the lesser occipital nerve supply

A

Scalp posterior to auricle

84
Q

Cutaneous nerves derived from posterior rami of cervical spinal nerves

A

Greater occipital nerve

85
Q

The greater occipital nerve is a branch of:

A

Posterior ramus of spinal nerve C2

86
Q

The greater occipital nerve emerges between ____ and ____ ____ inferior, then ____

A

Axis

Obliques capitis

Pierces trapezius

87
Q

What does the greater occipital nerve supply?

A

Scalp of occipital region

Head And Neck (16 decks)

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