Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Head and Neck - Year 2 > Eye Muscles > Flashcards

Eye Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What is the role of intrinsic muscles on the eye?

A

Control pupil diameter

Alters lens curvature to allow us to see close objects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the role of extrinsic muscles on the eye?

A

Move the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What helps give the eyeball its shape?

A

Fat behind the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How many cranial nerves go to the eye and what type of innervation do they supply?

A

3 cranial nerves give both parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the 4 straight muscles (recti) of the eye?

A

Medial rectus
Lateral rectus
Inferior rectus
Superior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are 2 oblique muscles of the eye?

A

Superior oblique

Inferior oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where do the recti muscles arise from?

A

Apex of the orbit from an annular fibrous ring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where does the superior oblique muscle arise from?

A

Roof of the orbit (posteriorly)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where does the inferior oblique arise from?

A

Floor of the orbit (anteriorly)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What structure does the superior oblique attach to?

A

Trochlea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does the inferior oblique do?

A

Acts as a hammock under the eye for support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the levator palpebrae superioris?

A

A muscle that goes to the upper eyelid to elevate it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where do the recti muscles insert?

A

Sclera posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where does the superior and inferior oblique insert?

A

Sclera posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the origin of the LPS?

A

Roof of orbit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the origin of recti muscles?

A

Tendinous ring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the origin of the superior oblique?

A

Lesser wing of sphenoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the origin of the inferior oblique?

A

Medial part of orbit floor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does the trochlear nerve supply?

A

Muscles attached to trochlea = superior oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What do the abducent nerve supply?

A

Muscle which abducts = lateral rectus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does the oculomotor nerve supply?

A

Everything but the SO and LR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What movement occurs when a person looks up?

A

Elevation

23
Q

What movement occurs when a person looks down?

A

Depression

24
Q

What movement occurs if right eye looks left?

A

Adduction

25
Q

What movement occurs if right eye looks right?

A

Abduction

26
Q

What movement occurs when the eyes focus on something close up?

A

Convergence

27
Q

What movements occur with head tilting?

A

Intorsion and extorsion

28
Q

What is intorsion?

A

When the top of the eyeball rotates towards the nose

29
Q

What is extorsion?

A

When the top of the eyeball rotates away from the nose

30
Q

What is the action of the medial rectus?

A

Adduction

31
Q

What is the action of the lateral rectus?

A

Abduction

32
Q

What are the actions of the superior rectus?

A

Elevation
Adduction
Intorsion

33
Q

What are the actions of the inferior rectus?

A

Depression
Adduction
Extorsion

34
Q

What are the actions of the superior oblique?

A

Intorsion
Depression
Abduction

35
Q

What are the actions of the inferior oblique?

A

Extorsion
Elevation
Abduction

36
Q

What is esotropia?

A

Manifest convergent squint

37
Q

What is exotropia?

A

Manifest divergent squint

38
Q

What is stabismus?

A

Misalignment of the eyes

39
Q

What is amblyopia?

A

Lazy eye
Brain suppresses image of one eye - leads to poor vision in affected eye
No pathology

40
Q

What is diplopia?

A

Double vision

Occurs in squints that occur from nerve palsies

41
Q

What are the intrinsic eye muscles?

A

Ciliaris muscle
Constrictor pupillae
Dilator pupillae

42
Q

Where is the ciliaris muscle found?

A

In the ciliary body

43
Q

Where is the constrictor pupillae found?

A

In the iris at pupillary border

44
Q

Where is the dilator pupillae found?

A

Radially running muscle in iris

45
Q

What intrinsic muscles receive parasympathetic innervation?

A

Ciliaris

Constrictor pupillae

46
Q

Which intrinsic muscle receives sympathetic innervation?

A

Dilator pupillae

47
Q

What pupillary reaction occurs with increased illumination?

A

Parasympathetic innervation causes pupils to constrict

48
Q

What pupillary reaction occurs with decreased illumination?

A

Sympathetic innervation causes pupils to dilate

49
Q

What occurs in the light reflex pathway on the afferent limb?

A

Light falls on retina
Impulses travel along optic nerve to optic chiasma to optic tract
Fibres don’t go to LGB, go to midbrain instead
Pupillary reflex fibres go to edinger-westphal nucleus in CN III nucleus

50
Q

What occurs in the light reflex pathway on the efferent limb?

A

Preganglionic parasympathetic fibres from edinger-westphal nucleus
Pass through CN III into orbit
Parasympathetic fibres go to and synapse in ciliary ganglion
Postganglionic fibres go through short ciliary nerves to constrictor pupillae
Causes pupillary constriction of both sides

51
Q

What can cause absent/abnormal pupillary reflex?

A

Diseases of the retina - detachment/degenerations/dystrophies
Diseases of the optic nerve - e.g. optic neuritis
Diseases of CN III

52
Q

What is the clinical relevance in CN III palsy related to pupillary reflex?

A

In medical cause (e.g. diabetes), usually no damage to parasympathetic fibres
If CN III palsy present, pupillary reflex needs checked, if absent - potential cerebral artery aneurysm = EMERGENCY

53
Q

What is Horner’s syndrome?

A

Anisocoria due to damage tot he sympathetic innervation to the pupil

Head and Neck - Year 2 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions