eye movements 1 and 2

Question 1

motor concepts

Answer 1

alpha motor neurons, interneurons reflexes, control centers

Question 2

types of eye movements

Answer 2

smooth pursuit
saccades
nystagmus - okn; vor
vergence

Question 3

smooth pursuit

Answer 3

tracking mechanism to following moving eye lids. can follow things moving at 50 degrees per second. if its faster, need to employ saccades

Question 4

saccades

Answer 4

eye jumps to follow objects faster than 50 degrees per second.

Question 5

nystagmus

Answer 5

vibration/flickering of the eye.

Question 6

optokinetic nystagmus

Answer 6

sitting in car tracking trees as the car moves, the eye jumping from tree to tree as each object moves out of view. The movement is characterized by a slow tracking with a rapid snap forward.

Question 7

vestibular ocular reflex

Answer 7

is a reflex version of optokinetic nystagmus.

Question 8

vergence

Answer 8

none conjugate eye movements, object approaches nose - cross eyed

Question 9

examine cn2

Answer 9

pupillary reflex, accuity, blind spot, visual fields, color sensitivity.

Question 10

examine cn7

Answer 10

close eyes real tight

Question 11

examine accuity

Answer 11

little card with litters, ask patient to read

Question 12

examine color sensitivity

Answer 12

ask patient to describe color one eye at a time. optic nerve damage will cause reds to look pale

Question 13

optokinetic nystamgus exam

Answer 13

testing reveals parietal lobe lesions/tumors. Loose okn with these lesions.

Question 14

control of smooth pursuit

Answer 14

visual and parietal cortex. then sent to brain stem to control eye muscles.

for exam think about lateral and medial rectus.

Question 15

saccadic eyemovements

Answer 15

I think he said broadman’s 8 does this.

Question 16

pprf

Answer 16

paramedian pontein reticular formation, coordinates horizontal movements.

Question 17

interneurons of VI

Answer 17

coordinate cn6 contraction and relaxation

Question 18

internuclear opthalmopalegia

Answer 18

damage to interneurons, only one eye moves. ask patient to make a vergence eye movement. both muscle moves in, thus medial rectus is intact.