Cerebellum Ojemann

Question 1

what does the cerebellum do

Answer 1

calibration of reflexes

Question 2

vestibular occular rflex

Answer 2

controls eye movements to coordinate movement of eyes with movement of head. ie, move head eyes stay fixed on same target.

If you loose hair cell in vestibular apparatus, this reflex would become weakened However, the cerebellum makes sure this doesn’t happen. mossy fibers from vestibular aparatus to cerebullum, then fibers from cerebellum to eye muscles

Question 3

inputs heading to cerbellumn

Answer 3

balance/position/etc - mossy fibers

error inputs - climbing fibers from medulla, contralateral inferior olivary nucleus

Question 4

cerebellar threes

Answer 4

3 gross divisions (2 hemispheres, and a vermis)
3 peduncles
3 functional divisions
3architectural features (cortex, white matter, deep nuclei)
3 cortical layers (molecular, purkinje, granule)
3 principle information processing cells (purkinje, granule, DCN)
3 step circuit
3 general effects of cerebellar damage

Question 5

3 goss divisions

Answer 5

two hemispheres and one vermis, the vermis is tots divided into three as well. nodulus is part of foccular nodular lobe

Question 6

3 peduncles

Answer 6

middle CP - all in put structures (mossy fibers)
inferior CP - from medulla (climbing fibers)
superior CP - fibers from midbrain

Question 7

3 phylogenetic divisions

Answer 7

archicerebellum - flocculus
paleoceebellum - spinalcerebellum
neuocerebellum - cerebocerebellum

Question 8

where do perkinje cells signal to?

Answer 8

to the DCN

Question 9

parallel fibers?

Answer 9

from granular cells, make these t shaped axons that signal to perkinje cells

Question 10

order of signaling in the cerbellum

Answer 10

granular cell signal to perkinjes through parallel fibers, perkinjes signal to dcn

Question 11

climbing fibers

Answer 11

from contralateral inferior olivary nucleus, innervate perkinjes cells, innervate microsomes (stripes), tend to innervate the soma multiple times. Make complex spikes.

Question 12

mossy fibers and granualr cells

Answer 12

mossy fibers signal to granular cells, which then contact perkinje cells, makes simple spikes

Question 13

what happens when both granual and climbing fibers signal on the same perkinje fibers at the same time?

Answer 13

long term depression.

Question 14

midline vermis input and output

Answer 14

output - vastigial nucleus

input - pusture stuff

Question 15

spinal cerebellar inut and output

Answer 15

look it up

Question 16

cerebrocerebullum input and output

Answer 16

look it up

Question 17

paravermis input and output

Answer 17

look it up, controls limbs

Question 18

vestibulocerebellum inut and output

Answer 18

look it up

Question 19

clarkes nucelus/ column

Answer 19

look it up, corollary discharge. copy of sensory signal sent through clarkes nucleus to cerebellum

Question 20

media systems do what?

Answer 20

look it up

Question 21

lateral systems do what?

Answer 21

look it up

Question 22

synergy

Answer 22

ataxia, dymetria, decomposition of movement, dysdiadochokinesia

Question 23

equilibrium

Answer 23

look it up

Question 24

muscle tone

Answer 24

look it up

Question 25

three rules of cerebellum lesions

Answer 25

always ipsilateral
little lesions always have small effects or no effect
one more rule… look it up.

Question 26

HANDS tremor

Answer 26

hyotonia
ataxia/asynergia
nystagmus
dysarthria
stance/gate
tremor