Eye

Question 1

fracture of orbital walls usually due to indirect trauma; medially and inferiorly along the maxillary bone most of the time

Answer 1

orbital blowout fracture

Question 2

what muscles abduct the eye

Answer 2

superior oblique, inferior oblique, lateral rectus

Question 3

what muscles adduct the eye

Answer 3

superior rectus, inferior rectus, and medial rectus

Question 4

what muscles laterally rotate the eye (extorsion)

Answer 4

inferior rectus and inferior oblique

Question 5

what muscles medially rotate the eye (intorsion)

Answer 5

superior rectus and superior oblique

Question 6

what eye muscle does CNVI (abducens) innervate

Answer 6

lateral rectus M.

Question 7

what muscle does CNIV (trochlear) innervate

Answer 7

superior oblique m.

Question 8

what nerves pass through the superior oblique fissure but not the common tendinous ring?

Answer 8

lacrimal n. (V1)
frontal n. (V1)
trochlear n. (IV)

Question 9

what nerves pass through the superior oblique fissure and the common tendinous ring of the eye?

Answer 9

superior division of CNIII
inferior division of CNIII
nasociliary n. (CNV1)
abducens n. (CNVI)

Question 10

trochlear palsy

Answer 10

superior oblique is messed up, so the head tilts away from the affected side to compensate for the lack of intorsion (medial rotation)

Question 11

abducens palsy

Answer 11

cannot look laterally with affected eye

Question 12

down and out eye

Answer 12

loss of ocular muscle innervation, leaves superior oblique and lateral rectus intact

Question 13

complete ptosis

Answer 13

loss of innervation to levator palpebrae superioris

Question 14

fibrous layer of eye

Answer 14

sclera and cornea

Question 15

vascular layer of eye

Answer 15

iris, ciliary body, and choroid

Question 16

inner layer of eye

Answer 16

retina

Question 17

what secretes the aqueous humor that fills the anterior and posterior chambers

Answer 17

ciliary processes which are housed with ciliary muscles in the ciliary body

Question 18

what is the space between the cornea and iris

Answer 18

anterior chamber

Question 19

what is the space between the iris and lens

Answer 19

posterior chamber

Question 20

hyphema

Answer 20

rupture of vessels in anterior chamber of the eye

Question 21

what does the optic cup give rise to

Answer 21

retina

Question 22

what does the optic stalk give rise to

Answer 22

optic n.

Question 23

when does myelination of the eye occur?

Answer 23

late fetal through first postnatal year

Question 24

how do anterior and posterior chambers of the eye communicate

Answer 24

scleral venous sinus

Question 25

colobama

Answer 25

incomplete closure of retinal fissure leading to a gap in eye structure

Question 26

retinal detachment

Answer 26

inner and outer layers of optic cup fail to fuse and obliterate the intraretinal space

Question 27

papilledema

Answer 27

fluid accumulation in optic disc due to increased in CSF pressure normally

Question 28

congenital glaucoma

Answer 28

abnormal elevation of intraocular pressure in neonates due to abnormal drainage of aqueous humor

CYP1B1 gene

Question 29

congenital cataracts

Answer 29

lens is opaque and grayish

Question 30

aniridia

Answer 30

lack of iris tissue of complete absence of iris

Question 31

persistent hyaloid artery

Answer 31

distal part of hyaloid artery persists; micropthalmic eye

Question 32

what in the eye is derived from neuroectoderm that is continuous with the forebrain?

Answer 32

retina, posterior iris, and optic n.

Question 33

what is derived from surface ectoderm?

Answer 33

corneal epithelium and the lens of the eye

Question 34

what is derived from mesoderm (b/w surface and neuroectoderm)

Answer 34

fibrous and vascular coats of the eye

Question 35

what in the eye is NC derived?

Answer 35

choroid, sclera, corneal endothelium