Eye Flashcards
fracture of orbital walls usually due to indirect trauma; medially and inferiorly along the maxillary bone most of the time
orbital blowout fracture
what muscles abduct the eye
superior oblique, inferior oblique, lateral rectus
what muscles adduct the eye
superior rectus, inferior rectus, and medial rectus
what muscles laterally rotate the eye (extorsion)
inferior rectus and inferior oblique
what muscles medially rotate the eye (intorsion)
superior rectus and superior oblique
what eye muscle does CNVI (abducens) innervate
lateral rectus M.
what muscle does CNIV (trochlear) innervate
superior oblique m.
what nerves pass through the superior oblique fissure but not the common tendinous ring?
lacrimal n. (V1)
frontal n. (V1)
trochlear n. (IV)
what nerves pass through the superior oblique fissure and the common tendinous ring of the eye?
superior division of CNIII
inferior division of CNIII
nasociliary n. (CNV1)
abducens n. (CNVI)
trochlear palsy
superior oblique is messed up, so the head tilts away from the affected side to compensate for the lack of intorsion (medial rotation)
abducens palsy
cannot look laterally with affected eye
down and out eye
loss of ocular muscle innervation, leaves superior oblique and lateral rectus intact
complete ptosis
loss of innervation to levator palpebrae superioris
fibrous layer of eye
sclera and cornea
vascular layer of eye
iris, ciliary body, and choroid
inner layer of eye
retina
what secretes the aqueous humor that fills the anterior and posterior chambers
ciliary processes which are housed with ciliary muscles in the ciliary body
what is the space between the cornea and iris
anterior chamber
what is the space between the iris and lens
posterior chamber
hyphema
rupture of vessels in anterior chamber of the eye
what does the optic cup give rise to
retina
what does the optic stalk give rise to
optic n.
when does myelination of the eye occur?
late fetal through first postnatal year
how do anterior and posterior chambers of the eye communicate
scleral venous sinus
colobama
incomplete closure of retinal fissure leading to a gap in eye structure
retinal detachment
inner and outer layers of optic cup fail to fuse and obliterate the intraretinal space
papilledema
fluid accumulation in optic disc due to increased in CSF pressure normally
congenital glaucoma
abnormal elevation of intraocular pressure in neonates due to abnormal drainage of aqueous humor
CYP1B1 gene
congenital cataracts
lens is opaque and grayish
aniridia
lack of iris tissue of complete absence of iris
persistent hyaloid artery
distal part of hyaloid artery persists; micropthalmic eye
what in the eye is derived from neuroectoderm that is continuous with the forebrain?
retina, posterior iris, and optic n.
what is derived from surface ectoderm?
corneal epithelium and the lens of the eye
what is derived from mesoderm (b/w surface and neuroectoderm)
fibrous and vascular coats of the eye
what in the eye is NC derived?
choroid, sclera, corneal endothelium
