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Cell Biology Exam 2 > Eye > Flashcards

Eye Flashcards

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1
Q

Comeoscleral coat

A

gives eyeball it’s structure and helps refract incoming light rays

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2
Q

Uvea - vascular layer

A

blood supply is coming form ophthalmic a

includes iris, ciliary ody and choroid

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3
Q

retina

A

innermost layer/neurolayer of eyeball

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4
Q

visual layer

A

thick portion located in back of beyeball.

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5
Q

nonvisual part

A

think portion locatedin anterior part of retina

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6
Q

ora serrata

A

rough edge where visual retina becomes nonvisual retina

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7
Q

Aqueous humor

A

fluid-filled environment located in both anterior and posterior channels. No blood vessels here so light rays can pass through.

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8
Q

Vitreous humor

A

jelly-like
made mostly of water, but has collagen to make it gelatinous
born with this
slow transfer of nutrition from choroid layer

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9
Q

Detached retina

A

retina is pulled from its blood supply

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10
Q

Cornea

A

transparent and avascular

provides for 2/3rd of the refractive power

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11
Q

5 layers of corneoscleral coat (from outside to in)

A
  • Corneal epithelium
  • Bowman’s membrane
  • Corneal stroma
  • Descemet’s membrane
  • Corneal endothelium
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12
Q

Cornea epithelium

A

Cells are stratified squamous nonkeratinized
contains ferritin to prevent UV damage
has microvilli on apical surface to help retain lacrimal tears, keeps cornea from drying
innervated by V1
has good mitotic activity

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13
Q

Bowman’s membrane

A 
Anterior basement membrane
acellular
does not regenerate
contributes to strength of cornea
barrier to infection
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14
Q

Corneal stroma

A

heavily packed with different collagenfibrils in different patterns
thickest part of cornea
adjacent lamellae are arranged at right angles to each other which maintains transparancy of cornea

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15
Q

Descemet’s memrane

A

posterior basement membrane
regenerates after injury
thickens with age
helps miantain normal curbature of cornea

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16
Q

Corneal endothelium

A

simple squamous epithelium with lots of zonula occludens (tight junction) which allow it to get nutrients and water
limited proliferative ability
responsble for virtually all of metabolic exchanges of cornea

17
Q

Sclera

A

white of eyeball

tough fibrous connective tissue, collagen, and elastic fibers to maintain shape of eyeball

18
Q

3 layers of sclera

A

tenon’s space, substantia propria, suprchoroid lamina

19
Q

Tenon’s space

A

space between periorbital fat and tenon’s capsule

provides eyeball with space to move around in

20
Q

Substantia propria (tenon’s capsule)

A

where extraocular eye muscles attach

21
Q

Suprachoroid lamina

A

attach is to choroid

how sclera gets nutrients

22
Q

Are anterior and posterior pigment epithelium separate

A

yes, separated by basement membrane

23
Q

What gives color to eyes

A

anterior and posterior pigment epithelium

24
Q

What does color of iris depend on

A

amount of melanocytes

25
Q

ciliary processes

A

produce aqueous humor.

no blood cells here

26
Q

What is the blood-aqueous barrier due to

A

zona occludens

27
Q

Flow of aqueous humor

A 
posterior chamber to pupil
to anterior chamber
to trabecular meshwork
to canal of schlemm
to venous system
28
Q

Open-Angle Glaucoma

A

vision is damaged gradually, may take place over the course of some years. Aqueous humor does not go inot canal of schlemm, causes fluid backup
headaches, burning sensetation in eyes, blurred vision, halos

29
Q

Closed-Angle Glaucoma

A

blurry vision, rainbow halos, headaches or severe pain

less common and can cause blindness quickly

30
Q

circular ciliary muscle

A

reduces tension on the lens

31
Q

longitudinal ciliary muscle

A

strectchs choroid

32
Q

Choroid

A

dark-brown layer
lots of melanocytes in vascular region
lies between sclera and retina

33
Q

5 layers of bruch’s membrane

A

basal lamina of endothelial cells of choriocapillary layer
collagen fibers
elastic fibers
collagen fibers
basal lamina of the retinal epithelial cells

34
Q

Neural retina (innermost layer)

A

has non-photosenstive region and photosenstive region

35
Q

Non-photosenstive region

A

anterior to ora serrata

lines the inner part of the ciliary body and posterior surface of the iris

36
Q

Photosenstive region

A

posterior to ora serrata

most of retina is visual portion

37
Q

Optic Disc

A

where the optic nerve is taking all the information from the retina out and back to brain
no photoreceptor cells here -blindspot

38
Q

Fovea centralis

A

site on retina for greatest point of visual acuity

where retina really thins out

39
Q

Macula lutea

A

yellow spot

surrounds fovea centralis

Cell Biology Exam 2 (9 decks)

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