Cartilage

Question 1

Cartilage

Answer 1

contains cells, fibers and ECM. Is a specialized connective tissue that is firm and pliable

Question 2

3 different types of cartilage

Answer 2

Hyaline, Elastic, Fibrocartilage

Question 3

What does Hyaline cartilage look like

Answer 3

glassy

Question 4

Where is Hyaline cartilage located

Answer 4

In places where it maintains a lumen/open space - such as trachea, nasal, larynx, and bronchi
articular surfaces of bones
epiphyseal plates of growing bones
rib cage

Question 5

Why is hydaline cartilage at the rib cage

Answer 5

to allow flexability

Question 6

Mesenchyme

Answer 6

embryonic connective tissue

Question 7

Chondrification center of chondrobasts

Answer 7

future hyaline cartilage site

Question 8

Chondroblast

Answer 8

synthesizes ECM and start to surround themselves with matrix and occupy a bubble called a “lacuna” they become chondrocytes

Question 9

Isogenous groups of chondrocytes

Answer 9

all come from a single cell, so they are all clones of each other

Question 10

Perichondrium

Answer 10

covers elastic and hyaline cartilage. derives from mesenchyme

Question 11

Inner layer of perichondrium

Answer 11

site of appositional growth

Question 12

Inner cellular layer of hyaline cartilage

Answer 12

site of interstitial growth (specifically isogenous groups)

Question 13

Interstitial growth

Answer 13

growth from within (baking a cake in the oven)

Question 14

Appositional growth

Answer 14

growth on the surface of the cartilage (putting frosting on the cake)
happens throughout the lifespan of cartilage, and in most cartilages

Question 15

What type of growth is present in articular cartilage

Answer 15

interstitial growth, not appositional because it is not covered by perichondrium

Question 16

Is there perichondrium at growth plates

Answer 16

no

Question 17

Chondrocytes

Answer 17

maintain the matrix by monitoring which molecules need to be synthesized and replaced

Question 18

What is hyaline cartilage matrix made of

Answer 18

• mostly type II collagen
• proteoglycans
• glycoproteins
• extracellular fluid

Question 19

Capsular matrix

Answer 19

contains sulfated proteoglycans, glycoproteins, hyaluronana. Will strain dark blue

Question 20

Territorial matrix

Answer 20

contains the same molecules as capsular matrix, but lower concentrations of sulfated proteoglucans

Question 21

Interterritorial matrix

Answer 21

has the same molecules as capsular matrix, but is more dilute

Question 22

Function of hyaline cartilage

Answer 22

resist forces (tension compression)

Question 23

What does hyaline cartilage not have

Answer 23

blood vessels and nerve fibers

Question 24

Where is Elastic cartilage located

Answer 24

ear, auditory tubes, epiglottis, larynx

Question 25

Elastic cartilage

Answer 25

• chondrocytes are larger
• elastic fibers in territorial matrix
• in fresh state looks yellow

Question 26

Fibrocartilage

Answer 26

• lots of colalgen bundles
• chondrocytes form colums, squeezed between collagen bundles.
• is transitional tissue

Question 27

Where is fibrocartilage located

Answer 27

articular disc in TMJ
intervertebral discs
pubic symphysis

Question 28

Function of fibrocartilage

Answer 28

tough support, tensile strength

Question 29

Osteoarthritis “degenerative joint disease”

Answer 29

Articular surface of bone where cartilage has degenerated, exposing the underlying bone