Cartilage Flashcards
Cartilage
contains cells, fibers and ECM. Is a specialized connective tissue that is firm and pliable
3 different types of cartilage
Hyaline, Elastic, Fibrocartilage
What does Hyaline cartilage look like
glassy
Where is Hyaline cartilage located
In places where it maintains a lumen/open space - such as trachea, nasal, larynx, and bronchi
articular surfaces of bones
epiphyseal plates of growing bones
rib cage
Why is hydaline cartilage at the rib cage
to allow flexability
Mesenchyme
embryonic connective tissue
Chondrification center of chondrobasts
future hyaline cartilage site
Chondroblast
synthesizes ECM and start to surround themselves with matrix and occupy a bubble called a “lacuna” they become chondrocytes
Isogenous groups of chondrocytes
all come from a single cell, so they are all clones of each other
Perichondrium
covers elastic and hyaline cartilage. derives from mesenchyme
Inner layer of perichondrium
site of appositional growth
Inner cellular layer of hyaline cartilage
site of interstitial growth (specifically isogenous groups)
Interstitial growth
growth from within (baking a cake in the oven)
Appositional growth
growth on the surface of the cartilage (putting frosting on the cake)
happens throughout the lifespan of cartilage, and in most cartilages
What type of growth is present in articular cartilage
interstitial growth, not appositional because it is not covered by perichondrium
Is there perichondrium at growth plates
no
Chondrocytes
maintain the matrix by monitoring which molecules need to be synthesized and replaced
What is hyaline cartilage matrix made of
- mostly type II collagen
- proteoglycans
- glycoproteins
- extracellular fluid
Capsular matrix
contains sulfated proteoglycans, glycoproteins, hyaluronana. Will strain dark blue
Territorial matrix
contains the same molecules as capsular matrix, but lower concentrations of sulfated proteoglucans
Interterritorial matrix
has the same molecules as capsular matrix, but is more dilute
Function of hyaline cartilage
resist forces (tension compression)
What does hyaline cartilage not have
blood vessels and nerve fibers
Where is Elastic cartilage located
ear, auditory tubes, epiglottis, larynx
Elastic cartilage
- chondrocytes are larger
- elastic fibers in territorial matrix
- in fresh state looks yellow
Fibrocartilage
- lots of colalgen bundles
- chondrocytes form colums, squeezed between collagen bundles.
- is transitional tissue
Where is fibrocartilage located
articular disc in TMJ
intervertebral discs
pubic symphysis
Function of fibrocartilage
tough support, tensile strength
Osteoarthritis “degenerative joint disease”
Articular surface of bone where cartilage has degenerated, exposing the underlying bone
