Eye Flashcards
Superior Rectus
-CN III
-Up and Out
Superior Oblique
-CN IV (Trochlear)
-Down and In
Lateral Rectus
-CN VI Abducens
-Lateral Movement
Medial Rectus
-CN III: Oculomotor
-Medial Movement
Inferior Oblique
-CN III Oculomotor
-Up and In (Opposite of what you think)
Inferior Rectus
-CN III Oculomotor
-Down and Out
Asthenopia
-AKA “Eye Strain”
-Includes eye fatigue, weakness, pain, headache, dim vision
-Causes: Intense focussing, binocular vision disorders
Diplopia
-Double Vision/Loss of eye muscle balance or function
Causes of Diplopia
Diabetic neuropathy, myasthenia gravis, thyroid disorders
Photophobia
Aversion to light
Causes of photophobia
Systemic infections/myalgia or migrane
Nyctalopia
-Night blindness
Causes of Nyctalopia
Cataracts and medications
Jaundice
BL sclera have a yellowish tinge (also skin)
Causes of Jaundice
Liver or gall bladder disease, leading to high levels of bilirubin
PERRLA
Pupils Equal & Round/React to Light/Accomodation
Corneal light test
Eye alignment & muscle balance
H pattern of gaze and lid lag
CN III, IV, VI
Cover/Uncover Test
Eye alignment & muscle test
Visual Fields
CN III, V and VI
Visual Acuity
CNII
Exophthalamos
Abnormal Protrusion of the eye
Causes of Exophthalamos
Hyperthyroidism, tumors of the orbit, arteriovenous fistulas
Stare
-Abnormal elevation of upper eyelid
-White sclera shows above the iris
Cause of Stare
Hypothyroidism
Ptosis
Drooping of the eyelid
Ectropian
Eyelash turns out
Entropian
Eyelash turns in
Blepharitis
Swelling/Inflammation of eyelid/eyelash
Chalazion
Cyst or fibrotic reaction in Meibomian gland
Hordeolum
Sty
Xanthelesma
Yellowish plaque, lipid deposition of the eye, due to high cholesterol or triglycerides
Conjunctivis
-Pink eye
Conjunctival Irritation and/or inflammation (or infection)
Floater
Floating debris that may drift in and out of field of vision
Episcleritis
Inflammation of the sclera with dilated scleral vessels
Subconjunctival Hemorrhage
Hemorrhaging of the small blood vessels in the eye
Petechial Hemorrhages
Small punctate hemorrhages seen on the palpebral conjunctiva