Extra Biology Flashcards
True/False: The higher the molecular weight the stronger the London dispersion forces
TRUE
What is the acronym to remember the Hardy-Weinburg requirements?
Large Random MnM (pronounced Em 'n' Em) Large population Random Mating No mutation No Natural selection No migration
Intermolecular forces can be thought of as the stickiness of a molecule. The more intermolecular forces (more hydrogen bonding, larger molecule, etc) the more sticky it will be. Thus, would a large molecule have a higher or lower vapor pressure?
LOWER, because it will be less likely to escape into the gas phase
What is plasmolysis?
The process by which cells lose water (cells shrinking to make their infant and external environments isotonic)
What is the name of the structure that allows bacteria to stick to the surface?
Pili, which means short, small hairs.
Fimbriae is the actual term
What is non-competitive inhibition?
When a molecule binds to an enzyme in a place other than the active site, and prevents the enzyme from participating in a reaction
What are spindle fibers that radiate from centrioles made of?
Microtubules
Why would muscle cells degrade if a toxin was released in the body that degrades microfilaments?
Because actin is a microfilament
What is it called when water flows into a cell causing it to swell?
Turgid
What is the function of a contractile vacuole?
Helps in osmorgulation in Protists. It stores excess water that enters the cell and after a stage expels it to the exterior
How do marine fish maintain homeostasis?
They constantly drink water. Because they are hypoosmotic to their environment (they have less salt than their surroundings), they must drink in salt. Marine fish also rarely urinate to not waste any water
How do you freshwater fish maintain homeostasis?
Freshwater fish are hyperosmotic, or saltier than their environment so water is always flowing into it. The fish constantly urinate to get rid of excess water it also rarely drinks, and it’s absorbs salt through it’s gills
Why does cartilage take a considerable amount of time to heal?
It lacks a direct blood supply, and can only receive nutrients through slow diffusion
Is a human embryo a deuterons tome or protostome, and why?
Deuterostome, because the anus develops from the blastospore. Chordates are deuterostomes.
Protostomes are recognized by the development of the mouth from the blastospore
Which enzyme activates the acrosome reaction?
Galactyltransferase
What is a karyotype?
A digital image of the size, shape, and number of chromosomes of an organism
What is the difference between a southern block and a northern blot?
A southern blot is used to identify specific sequences of DNA, while a northern blot is used to identify the sequence of messenger RNA and to study gene EXPRESSION
What is aneuploidy?
Having an abnormal amount of chromosomes either more or less than 23
What does brackish water mean, and what is the scientific name for the location where it occurs?
Brackish water means a mix between salt and freshwater, and is found in an estuary (the point where saltwater and freshwater meet)
What is allelopathy?
Pick type of interference competition, where the establishment of other individuals who would compete for a mutual resource is prevented
What is the nucleoid region?
The region in bacteria which contains its DNA
What is the meristem?
The region of plant tissue found chiefly in the growing tips of roots and shoots
What is the pseudopodia?
A temporary protrusion of a cell for movement and feeding
What is dynein?
A motor protein and cells which converts chemical energy in ATP into mechanical energy
Which protein is normally involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis?
Clathrin
This protein helps in the formation of coated vesicles, which are used in endocytosis
