Experimental Design

Question 1

Independent Measures

Answer 1

ADVANTAGES:
-Less materials needed as both groups only doing 1 condition
-No order effects as Ps have no chance to practice beforehand

DISADVANTAGES:
-Need to collect larger sample, less time saved
-Affected by participant differences as different Ps in each condition

OVERCOME DISADVANTAGES:
-Randomly allocate Ps to conditions without researcher influence e.g. name in hat

Question 2

Matched Pairs

Answer 2

ADVANTAGES:
-Less chance of individual differences as Ps characteristics matched
-Less chance of demand characteristics as Ps less likely to guess aim in only 1 condition
-No order effects

DISADVANTAGES:
-Time consuming as matching Ps may be difficult
-More participants needed as only in 1 condition

Question 3

Repeated Measures

Answer 3

ADVANTAGES:
-No chance of individual differences as participants take part in each condition
-Less participants needed as do both conditions

DISADVANTAGES:
-Increased chance of order effects e.g. practice or boredom effects
-More materials needed as all participants need to do both conditions

OVERCOMING DISADVANTAGES:
-Counterbalancing overcomes order effects e.g. split Ps in half, one half does section A of questionnaire while other half does B, then switch