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Small animal (fourth year) > Exotics > Flashcards

Exotics Flashcards

1
Q

are rabbits rodents?

A

no (lagomorphs)

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2
Q

what is specialised about the rabbits teeth?

A

incisors and cheek teeth continuously grow

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3
Q

what is the lifespan of rabbits?

A

8-10 years old

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4
Q

what is the lifespan of a ferret?

A

6-8 years

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5
Q

are male or female ferrets larger?

A

males

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6
Q

what type of rodents are guinea pigs?

A

hystricomorphs - all teeth continuously grow

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7
Q

what is the lifespan of guinea pigs?

A

5-6 years

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8
Q

what type of rodents are chinchillas?

A

hystricomorphs - all teeth continuously grow

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9
Q

what environment are chinchillas adapted to?

A

cold, dry environments

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10
Q

what is the lifespan of chinchillas?

A

8-10 years

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11
Q

what type of rodents are rats?

A

myomorphs - only incisors grow continuously

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12
Q

what is the lifespan of rats?

A

2-3 years

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13
Q

what type of rodents are hamsters?

A

myomorphs - only incisors grow continuously

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14
Q

what is the lifespan of a hamster?

A

1-2 years

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15
Q

what is the lifespan of a bearded dragon?

A

8-12 years

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16
Q

what diet do bearded dragons have?

A

omnivores when young and herbivores as adults

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17
Q

what diet do leopard geckos have?

A

insectivores

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18
Q

what is the lifespan of a leopard gecko?

A

10-12 years

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19
Q

what are comply kept species of tortoise?

A

greek
hermanns
horsfield

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20
Q

what diet do corn snakes have?

A

carnivores

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21
Q

what is the lifespan of corn snakes?

A

15-20 years

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22
Q

what type of light do all reptiles require exposure to?

A

UV-B

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23
Q

what is the lifespan of a budgie?

A

7-15 years

24
Q

what is the lifespan of an African grey parrot?

A

20-30 years

25
Q

what is the preferred optimal temperature zone?

A

temperature range in which species can exhibit natural behaviours

26
Q

what is UV-A important for in reptiles?

A

for them to be able to exhibit normal behaviour

27
Q

what is UV-B important for in reptiles?

A

vitamin D/calcium metabolism

28
Q

why does care need to be taken when handling chinchillas?

A

fur/tail slip if handled roughly

29
Q

what are rabbits vaccinated against?

A

myxomatosis
viral haemorrhagic disease 1and 2

30
Q

what is the protocol for myxo-RHD plus?

A

first dose from five weeks old
yearly boosters
(protects against myxomatosis and VHD 1 and 2)

31
Q

what is the protocol for filavac?

A

first dose from 10 weeks old
yearly boosters
(protects against VHD 1 and 2)

32
Q

what are ferrets vaccinated against?

A

distemper
rabies (if traveling)

33
Q

what is the protocol for distemper vaccination of ferrets?

A

first dose at 12 weeks
yearly boosters

34
Q

what are ferret reactions to vaccines?

A

anaphylactic reaction causing hyperaemia, vomiting, hyper salivation, diarrhoea

35
Q

how can ferret vaccine reactions be prevented?

A

mix vaccine with sterile water/saline
give vaccines 3-4 weeks apart
monitor for 30 minutes post vaccine

36
Q

what are possible treatment options for ferret vaccine reactions?

A

adrenaline
diphenhydramine
dexamethasone (prednisolone)
supportive therapy (fluids, oxygen…)

37
Q

what should raccoons and foxes be vaccinated against?

A

distemper

38
Q

what should meerkats be vaccinated against?

A

distemper

39
Q

what are pigeons vaccinated against?

A

avian pox
paramyxovirus

40
Q

what are canaries vaccinated against?

A

avian pox

41
Q

what strategies are used to control parasites?

A

good husbandry
regular cleaning/hygiene
routine faecal testing
preventative worming (not routinely done)

42
Q

what are some common internal parasites seen in exotics?

A

pinworms (rabbits, rodents) - commensal
ciliates (lizards, tortoises) - commensal

43
Q

what species is ivermectin toxic to?

A

chelonians, skinks, snakes

44
Q

what are some possible external parasites seen in exotics?

A

fleas
flystrike
lice/mites
feather lice

45
Q

what are the generally guidelines for quarantine?

A

2 months
separate facilities/objects
faecal test at the start and end
species specific disease testing

46
Q

what diseases is tested for when quarantining psittacines?

A

bornavirus
circovirus
polyomavirus
Chlamydophila

47
Q

what diseases is tested for when quarantining snakes?

A

cryptosporidium
arenavirus
paramyxovirus
reovirus
adenovirus

48
Q

what exotics should be routinely neutered?

A

rabbits
male guinea pigs
male rats

49
Q

what are the main benefits of rabbit spaying?

A

population control
reduce unwanted behaviour
prevent uterine neoplasia

50
Q

what are the possible surgical techniques available for rabbit castration?

A

pre-scrotal
scrotal incision - closed/open

51
Q

what happens if a female ferret (Jill) isnt mated?

A

induced ovulators so will stay in oestrus and can develop hyperoestrogenism

52
Q

what can hyperoestrogenism in female ferrets lead to?

A

bone marrow suppression
aplastic anaemia

53
Q

why is neutering of ferrets not advised?

A

high chance of developing adrenal gland disease

54
Q

why does neutering ferrets lead to adrenal gland disease?

A

removing the negative feedback mechanism that controls the adrenal gland causing hyperadrenocortisim

55
Q

what is the main product the adrenal glands of ferrets produce?

A

androgens

56
Q

what are ferrets neutered without inducing adrenal gland disease?

A

deslorelin implants (every 18-24 months)

57
Q

where are microchips placed in birds?

A

left pectoral

Small animal (fourth year) (26 decks)

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