Clinical pathology. Flashcards
in regards to liver disease, what are the four things that we can test for?
hepatocellular injury
cholestasis
hepatocellular function
hepatic portal circulation
what are the enzymes that measure heptocellular damage?
ALT, AST, SDH, GLDH
what is the most specific enzyme for hepatocellular damage?
ALT (small amount from muscle damage)
what is the main enzyme used for testing for hepatocellular damage?
ALT
what liver enzymes can indicate myocyte damage?
AST, LDH (ALT very minor)
what is a specific marker of myocyte damage?
creatinine kinase
what does the magnitude of the increase in liver leakage enzyme correlate to?
degree of hepatocellular damage (not prognosis or hepatic function)
why are liver leakage enzyme increases in cats seen as significant?
they have a very short half life (ongoing hepatocellular damage)
what enzymes are measured for cholestasis?
ALP, GGT
other than cholestasis, what else can cause increased ALP?
corticosteroids or phenobarbital
what components of bile will increase with cholestasis?
bilirubin, bile acids, cholesterol
what are the types of hyperbilirubinaemia?
pre-hepatic
hepatic
post-hepatic
what is the cause of pre-hepatic hyperbilirubinaemia?
haemolysis (check anaemia)
what is hepatic hyperbilirubinaemia due to?
decrease uptake, conjugation, excretion of bilirubin
what is post-hepatic hyperbilirubinaemia due to?
obstruction of bile duct (cholestasis)
