Excretion

Question 1

Excretion

Answer 1

The removal of wastes of metabolism from the body

Question 2

Homeostasis

Answer 2

Maintenance of a constant internal environment

Question 3

Ectotherms

Answer 3

Organisms that gain or lose heat from their external environment

Question 4

Endotherms

Answer 4

Generate there own heat through metabolic reactions

Question 5

Two layers of skin

Answer 5

Epidermis and dermis

Question 6

Layers In the epidermis

Answer 6

Cornfield layer , granular layer , malphigian layer

Question 7

Epidermis (function)

Answer 7

Prevents loss of water and entry of pathogens

Question 8

Dermis (function)

Answer 8

Protects internal organs
Produces melanin, protects skin from uv light

Question 9

Sebum in the skin (function)

Answer 9

Kills bacteria

Question 10

Vitamins in the skin (function)

Answer 10

Sunlight on skin produces vitamin d

Question 11

Food store in the skin (function)

Answer 11

Adipose tissue stores food

Question 12

Sense organ in the skin (function)

Answer 12

Contains receptors that detect touch and temperature

Question 13

Excretion from the skin (function)

Answer 13

Excretes sweat - salt and water

Question 14

Vasoconstriction

Answer 14

In cold conditions erector muscles contract and hairs stand up (piloerection) to create a layer of heat , blood vessels close , brain causes shivering to produce heat

Question 15

Vasodilation

Answer 15

In warm conditions sweat is released and water evaporates to lower temperature , blood vessels in skin dilate

Question 16

Urinary system

Answer 16

Two kidneys , two ureturs , bladder and urethra

Question 17

Renal artery

Answer 17

Carries blood with waste into kidneys

Question 18

Renal vein

Answer 18

Carries filtered blood out of kidney

Question 19

Outer layer of a cross section kidney

Answer 19

Cortex

Question 20

Inner layer of a cross section kidney

Answer 20

Medulla

Question 21

Location of filtration in a kidney

Answer 21

Nephrons

Question 22

Filtration in nephrons

Answer 22

Renal artery divides into afferent arterioles then into glomerulus
Glucose amino acids water and urea leave the glomerulus through pressure and from glomeralur filtration
the pressure is produced from the afferent arteriole being smaller than the efferent arteriole causing force to push blood out of pores

Question 23

Reabsorbtion

Answer 23

To prevent loss of amino acids salt water and glucose at the proximal convoluted tubule they are reabsorbed back into the blood
Food and salt ions are taken back by active transport
Water moves back by osmosis
Urea some salts and water pass as urine instead into the kidney and bladder

Question 24

The bladder

Answer 24

Stores urine 400mls
Made of smooth muscle and epithelium

Question 25

Osmoregulation

Answer 25

The regulation of the amount of water in the body by the kidneys

Question 26

Hypthalmus

Answer 26

Detects water concentration in blood

Question 27

ADH

Answer 27

Anti - diuretic - hormone

Question 28

Water balance by hypothalamus

Answer 28

Hypothalamus sends message to pituitary gland if there is too little water in blood then pituitary gland releases adh the adh then causes collecting ducts in kidney to be permeable to water releases more water

Question 29

Secretion

Answer 29

The production and release of chemicals

Question 30

Ph control

Answer 30

Potassium and hydrogen ions secrete by active transport
when becomes acidic hydrogen is secreted into urine
Therefore kidneys regulate ph of blood also