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Biology > DNA Structure And Protein Synthesis > Flashcards

DNA Structure And Protein Synthesis Flashcards

1
Q

Species

A

A group of similar organisms that resemble each other and can interact

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2
Q

Heredity

A

Is the study of the passing on of traits from one generation to the next

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3
Q

DNA

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

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4
Q

DNA+Protein

A

Chromosome

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5
Q

4 nitrogen bases in DNA

A

Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine

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6
Q

Purine family

A

Adenine and Guanine

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7
Q

Pyramidines family

A

Thymine and Cytosine

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8
Q

DNA shape

A

Double helix

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9
Q

Gene

A

A selection of DNA that codes for a particular trait / protein

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10
Q

Coding DNA

A

DNA that contain code to make protein

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11
Q

Non Coding DNA

A

Strands of that do not have any particular function

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12
Q

RNA

A

Ribonucleic acid

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13
Q

Differences between DNA and RNA

A

RNA is single stranded, instead of Thymine RNA has Uracil

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14
Q

What is in a nucleotide

A

A Sugar (deoxyribose)
A Phosphate
A nitrogen base

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15
Q

2 main stages of protein synthesis

A

Translation and Transcription

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16
Q

Transcription ( copying )

A

The process of transferring the dna code into the new form of mrna

17
Q

What does the mrna attach itself to after transcription

A

Ribosome

18
Q

Translation (decoding)

A

The process of assembling proteins and takes place in the ribosome

19
Q

The does the tRNA do

A

Brings amino acid to the ribosome

20
Q

DNA profiling

A

A method of making a pattern of bands from the dna of a person which can be used to distinguish dna from another persons dna

21
Q

Applications of dna proffiling

A

Crime scene / paternity

22
Q

Variation

A

When individuals of the same species are similar but also have differences

23
Q

Two reasons for change in genotype

A

Sexual reproduction, mutation

24
Q

Sexual reproduction

A

When a male and female gamete fuse

25
Q

Mutation

A

The change in the nature/structure of a piece of DNA

26
Q

Mutagen

A

Anything that causes a muatation

27
Q

causes of mutation

A

Change in structure or number of a chromosome

28
Q

Genetic screening

A

When the family of an inherited disorder is researched and advice given to parents of the possibility of their offspring having the disorder

29
Q

Genotype

A

Genetic makeup of an individual

30
Q

Gamete

A

A sex cell that must join with another sex cell to form a zygote

31
Q

Alleles

A

Didferent forms of the same gene

32
Q

Homozygous

A

Both alleles are the same

Biology (16 decks)

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