Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

P1 Fall 2023 > Excipients list + drug terms-pharmaceutics > Flashcards

Excipients list + drug terms-pharmaceutics Flashcards

1
Q

Acidifying agent

A

Used in liquid preparations to provide an acidic medium for product stability

1) Citric acid
2) Acetic acid
3) Fumaric acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Adsorbent

A

An agent capable of holding other molecules onto its surface by physical or chemical (chemisorption) means

1) Powdered cellulose
2) Activated charcoal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Alkalinizing agent

A

Used in liquid preparations to provide an alkaline medium for product stability

1) Ammonia solution
2) Ammonium carbonate
3) Diethanolamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Aerosol propellant

A

Agent responsible for developing the pressure within an aerosol container and expelling the product when the valve is opened

1) Carbon dioxide
2) Dichlorodifluoromethane 3) Dichlorotetrafluoroethane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Air displacement

A

Agent employed to displace air in a hermetically sealed container to enhance product stability

1) Nitrogen
2) Carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Antifungal preservative

A

Used in liquid and semisolid preparations to prevent the growth of fungi. The effectiveness of parabens is usually enhanced by use in combination

1) Butylparaben
2) Ethylparaben
3) Methylparaben

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Antimicrobial preservative

A

Used in liquid and semisolid preparations to prevent the growth of microorganisms

1) Benzalkonium chloride

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Antioxidant

A

Used to prevent deterioration of preparations by oxidation

1) Ascorbic acid
2) Ascorbyl palmitate
3) Butylated hydroxyanisole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Buffering agent

A

Used to resist change in pH upon dilution or addition of acid or alkali

1) Potassium metaphosphate
2) Potassium phosphate,
monobasic
3) Sodium acetate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Chelating agent

A

A substance that forms stable water- soluble complexes (chelates) with metals; used in some liquid pharmaceuticals as stabilizers to complex heavy metals that might promote instability. In such use, they are also called sequestering agents

1) Edetic acid
2) Edetate disodium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Colorant

A

Used to impart color to liquid and solid (e.g., tablets and capsules) preparations

1) FD&C Red No.3
2) FD&C Red No. 20
3) FD&C Yellow No. 6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Clarifying agent

A

Used as a filtering aid for its adsorbent qualities

1) Bentonite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Emulsifying agent

A

Used to promote and maintain dispersion of finely subdivided particles of liquid in a vehicle in which it is immiscible. The end product may be a liquid emulsion or semisolid emulsion (e.g., a cream)

1) Acacia
2) Cetomacrogol
3) Cetyl alcohol

maintains dispersion of particles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Encapsulating agent

A

Used to form thin shells to enclose a drug for ease of administration

1) Gelatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Flavorant

A

Used to impart a pleasant flavor and often odor to a preparation. In addition to the natural flavorants listed, many synthetic ones are used

1) Anise oil
2) Cinnamon oil
3) Cocoa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Humectant

A

Used to prevent drying of preparations, particularly ointments and creams

1) Glycerin
2) Propylene glycol
3) Sorbitol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Levigating agent

A

Liquid used as an intervening agent to reduce the particle size of a powder by grinding, usually in a mortar

1) Mineral oil
2) Glycerin
3) Propylene glycol

liquid used to reduce particle size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Ointment base

A

Semisolid vehicle for medicated ointments

1) Lanolin
2) Hydrophilic ointment
3) Polyethylene glycol
ointment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Plasticizer

A

Component of film-coating solutions to make film more pliable, enhance spread of coat over tablets, beads, and granules

1) Diethyl phthalate
2) Glycerin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Solvent

A

Used to dissolve another substance in preparation of a solution; may be aqueous or not (e.g., oleaginous). Cosolvents, such as water and alcohol (hydroalcoholic) and water and glycerin, may be used when needed. Sterile solvents are used in certain preparations (e.g., injections)

1) Alcohol
2) Corn oil
3) Cottonseed oil

used to dissolve another substance in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Stiffening agent

A

Used to increase the thickness or hardness of a preparation, usually an ointment

1) Cetyl alcohol
2) Cetyl esters wax
3) Microcrystalline wax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Suppository base

A

Vehicle for suppositories

1) Cocoa butter
2) Polyethylene glycols
(mixtures)
3) PEG 3350

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Surfactant (surface active agent)

A

Substances that absorb to surfaces or interfaces to reduce surface or interfacial tension. May be used as wetting agents, detergents, or emulsifying agents

1) Benzalkonium chloride
2) Nonoxynol 10
3) Octoxynol 9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Suspending agent

A

Viscosity-increasing agent used to reduce sedimentation rate of particles in a vehicle in which they are not soluble; suspension may be formulated for oral, parenteral, ophthalmic, topical, or other route

1) Agar
2) Bentonite
3) Carbomer (e.g., Carbopol)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Sweetening agent

A

Used to impart sweetness to a preparation

1) Aspartame
2) Dextrose
3) Glycerin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Tablet anti adherents

A

Prevent tablet ingredients from sticking to punches and dies during production

1) Magnesium stearate

27
Q

Tablet binders

A

Substances used to cause adhesion of powder particles in tablet granulations

1) Acacia
2) Alginic acid
3) Carboxymethylcellulose
sodium

binds powder particles in tablets

28
Q

Tablet and capsule diluent

A

Inert filler to create desired bulk, flow properties, and compression characteristics of tablets and capsules

1) Dibasic calcium phosphate
2) Kaolin
3) Lactose

used to create desired bulk, flow and compression qualities of tabs and caps

29
Q

Tablet coating agent

A

Used to coat a tablet to protect against decomposition by atmospheric oxygen or humidity, to provide a desired release pattern, to mask taste or odor, or for aesthetic purposes. The coating may be sugar, film, or thick covering around a tablet. Sugar-coated tablets generally start to break up in the stomach. The film forms a thin cover around a formed tablet or bead. Unless it is enteric, the film dissolves in the stomach. Enteric coating passes through the stomach to break up in the intestines. Some water-insoluble coatings (e.g., ethylcellulose) are used to slow the release of drugs in the gastrointestinal tract.

only definition :)

30
Q

Sugar coating

A

1) Liquid glucose
2) Sucrose

31
Q

Film coating

A

1) Hydroxyethyl cellulose
2) Hydroxypropyl cellulose
3) Hydroxypropyl
methylcellulose

32
Q

Enteric coating

A

1) Cellulose acetate phthalate
2) Shellac (35% in alcohol,
pharmaceutical glaze)

33
Q

Tablet direct compression excipient

A

Used in direct compression tablet formulations

1) Disbasic calcium phosphate (e.g., Ditab)

34
Q

Tablet disintegrant

A

Used in solid forms to promote disruption of the mass into smaller particles more readily dispersed or dissolved

1) Alginic acid
2) Polacrilin potassium (e.g.,
Amberlite)
3) Sodium alginate

35
Q

Tablet glidant

A

Used in tablet and capsule formulations to improve flow properties of the powder mixture

1) Colloidal silica
2) Cornstarch
3) Talc

36
Q

Tablet lubricant

A

Used in tablet formulations to reduce friction during tablet compression

1) Calcium stearate
2) Magnesium stearate
3) Mineral oil

37
Q

Tablet or capsule opaquant

A

Used to render a coating opaque. May be used alone or with a colorant

1) Titanium dioxide

38
Q

Tablet polishing agent

A

Used to impart an attractive sheen to coated tablets
- so to shine tablets
1) Carnauba wax
2) White wax

39
Q

Tonicity agent

A

Used to render solution similar in osmotic-dextrose characteristics to physiologic fluids, e.g., in ophthalmic, parenteral, and irrigation fluids

1) Sodium chloride

40
Q

Vehicle

A

Carrying agent used in formulating a variety of liquids for oral and parenteral administration.
Generally, oral liquids are aqueous (e.g., syrups) or hydroalcoholic (e.g., elixirs). Solutions for intravenous use are aqueous, whereas intramuscular injections may be aqueous or oleaginous

definition only :)

41
Q

Flavored, sweetened

A

1) Acacia syrup
2) Aromatic syrup
3) Aromatic elixir

42
Q

Oleaginous

A

1) Corn oil
2) Mineral oil
3) Peanut oil

43
Q

Sterile

A

1) Bacteriostatic sodium chloride injection

44
Q

Viscosity-increasing agent

A

Used to render preparations more resistant to flow. Used in suspensions to deter sedimentation, in ophthalmic solutions to enhance contact time (e.g., methylcellulose), to thicken topical creams, etc.

1) Alginic acid
2) Bentonite
3) Carbomer

45
Q

Batch

A

a specific quantity of a drug of uniform specified quality produced according to a single manufacturing order during the same cycle of manufacture

1 set of products with unifrom quality and quantity

46
Q

Batch wise control

A

the use of validated in-process sampling and testing methods in such a way that results prove that the process has done what it purports to do for the specific batch

47
Q

Certification

A

documented testimony by qualified authorities that a system qualifications, calibration, validation or revalidation has been performed appropriately and that the results are acceptable

48
Q

Compliance

A

determination through inspection of the extent to which a manufacturer is acting in accordance with prescribed regulations, standards, and practices

49
Q

Component

A

any ingredient used in the manufacture of a drug product, including those that may be present in the finished product

50
Q

Drug Product

A

a finished form that contains an active drug and active ingredients. the term may also include a form that does not contain an active ingredient

finsihed form of all the components

51
Q

Active Ingredient or active pharmaceutical ingredient (API)

A

any component that is intended to furnish pharmacologic activity or other direct effect in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, or to affect the structure or function of the body of man or other animals.

52
Q

Inactive ingredient

A

Any component other than the active ingredients in a drug product.

53
Q

Lot

A

: A batch or any portion of a batch having uniform specified quality and a distinctive identifying lot number.

batch becomes a lot when assigned lot number

54
Q

Lot number, control number, or batch number:

A

Any distinctive combination of letters, numbers, or symbols from which the complete history of the manufacture, processing, packaging, holding, and distribution of a batch or lot of a drug product may be determined.

55
Q

master record

A

Record containing the formulation, specifications, manufacturing procedures, quality assurance requirements, and labeling of a finished product.

56
Q

Quality assurance

A

Provision to all concerned the evidence needed to establish confidence that the activities relating to quality are being performed adequately.

57
Q

Quality audit

A

A documented activity performed in accordance with established procedures on a planned and periodic basis to verify compliance with the procedures to ensure quality.

58
Q

Quality control

A

The regulatory process through which industry measures actual quality performance, compares it with standards, and acts on the difference.

59
Q

Quality control unit

A

An organizational element designated by a firm to be responsible for the duties relating to quality control.

60
Q

Reprocessing

A

The activity whereby the finished product or any of its components is recycled through all or part of the manufacturing process.

61
Q

Strength

A

The concentration of the drug substance per unit dose or volume.

62
Q

Verified

A

Signed by a second individual or recorded by automated equipment.

63
Q

Validation

A

Documented evidence that a system (e.g., equipment, software, controls) does what it purports to do.

64
Q

diethyl phthalate is which exicipient

A

plasticizer

P1 Fall 2023 (66 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions