Exam3Sexuality Textbook Flashcards
Is a broad idea referring not only to the ways we define ourselves sexually, but also how we define ourselves in terms of the biological categories of female and male and all of the ways in which we think about and express ourselves in terms of our beliefs, attitudes, and values; the cognitive aspect of sexual orientation
Sexual identity
Like sexual identity, involves not only whom one chooses as a sexual partner, but the ways in which people understand and identify themselves
Ex:heterosexual,homosexual,bisexual, and transgender
Sexual orientation
Traditions placed great emphasis on marriage and reproduction; those that didn’t marry considered sinful; sexual intercourse obligated to result in reproduction and only within marriage; women to be virgins at marriage or put to death;menstruation as unclean; nakedness,masturbation and homosexuality forbidden
Jewish Traditions and human sexuality
Name the two ancient Jewish notions about human sexuality that became a part of Christian and non-Christian doctrine and to some degree can still be found in contemporary US sexual codes
Reproduction as a married couple’s obligation and male dominance over women in sexual relations
Marriage as sacred union; early traditions influenced by St.Paul, all should strive for a chaste life; sexual intercourse should be within a marriage; celibacy and virginity as ideals; masturbation, intercourse while unclothed, during the daylight or forbidden postures became sexual crimes that had to be confessed; nakedness, looking at parts of body, dancing, singing, and touching others also considered sinful
Christian Traditions and Human Sexuality
Religious reformer, renounced celibacy as an unnatural and unrealistic goal for human beings, left priesthood to marry, considered sex a natural and appropriate act when carried out within context of marriage
Martin Luther
Brought Calvinist sexual Traditions to US; defined marriage as a covenant of God and thus the only legit mechanism for sex and procreation; sex brought married couple together morally and physically; husband obliged to satisfy his wife physically; sanctions against premarital and extramarital sex rigidly enforced; illegal to kiss on Sunday (law rarely enforced) dominated US sexual norms well into 19th century, when Victorians introduced new more rigid set of sexual taboos
Puritan Sexuality
At the base of this view was the notion that any kind of sexual stimulation, especially orgasm, sapped a person’s “vital forces”; fully clothed during sexual intercourse so that not to provide excessive stimulation; codes as male phenomenon; upper and middle class women idealized and morally superior to men; decent women were not to have sexual desires (delicate, passive, asexual, and passionless) or otherwise be seen as having loose morals; men seen as sexual animals driven by their desires ;sexual double standard;sex acts as cause of blindness and insanity
Victorian Sexuality
During this period extreme ambivalence regarding homosexuality; homosexuality became criminalized
Victorian era
A campaign of sexual abstinence that began in the US given the Victorian views of sexuality
Social Purity Movement
Lives and bodies of slaves completely controlled by slave owners; slaves prohibited from legal marriage and routinely forced to mate and increase slave population; slaves could not own property; male slaves took form of studs or being castrated; female slaves experiences concubine, mistress, and rape victim, robbed of sexual choice and no legal protection from rape of any white male
Sexuality and Slavery
Our society’s guidelines or blueprints for defining and engaging in sexual behaviors; girls and romance; boys and sexual attraction outweighing emotional factors
Sexual scripts
Parents, friends, relatives, and religious figures, who play an important role in our lives
Significant others
The viewpoint of society at large
Generalized others
What are the diff sources of sexual learning?
Family
Peers
Mass media
What percentage of teens today say that they talk with their parents about sex on a regular basis?
40%
Teens are less likely to have sex (early sex at least) when:
- two parents present in family
- teens who feel close to their mothers
- parents value education
What two new trends have emerged among parents with teenagers?
1) put daughter on birth control
2) encourage safe sex by allowing them to have sex at home
Differences of sexual scripts for females
Romance; parents more open about reproduction; scripts tie sexual activity to reproduction and family life; more restriction on sexuality; movements, social activities, and friendships more guarded; emphasis on monogamy and exclusiveness
Differences in sexual scripts for males
Sexual attraction tend to outweigh emotional factors; sexuality connected to society’s notions of masculinity and ability to achieve in diff areas of life; emphasis on achievement and frequency of sexual activities
Probably the most important factor that determines when adolescents become sexually active; teens feel they must keep up with their friends; more boys say pressured by friends to have sex for 1st time; 1/2 of sexually active teens say have done something sexual or felt pressure to do something they weren’t ready to do (females more likely to have these experiences in this case)
Peer Influence
Until around what age do young ppl report learning about sex equally from parents, peers, and school?
15 yrs old, after this they learn almost twice as much about sex from peers than family and get an increasing amount of info abt sex from the media and decreasing amount from school
Play a key role in constructing, shaping and transforming our views and knowledge about sexuality
Mass Media/ pop culture
What’s the problem with sexual talk and portrayals in media?
Much of social constructions is inaccurate, distorted, inflated, misleading or false
What percentage of all television shows include some sexual content?
70%
Teens who listen to sexually explicit music with degrading are home many more times likely to be having sex?
Twice as likely to be having sex
How does music videos and pro wrestling affect boys acceptance of rape?
Middle school aged boys watching music videos or pro wrestling one day a week are 10% more likely to have a higher acceptance rate of rape.
Watch music videos 4 days a week and pro wrestling 2 days a week have 70% higher odds of greater level of rape acceptance.
