Exam3:Planning And Preparing For Children

Question 1

What are the 8 pro-natalist forces?

Answer 1

1) Sources of love/affection
2) fulfill personal needs
3) provide for immortality
4) convey adult status
5) biological clock
6) parental/peer pressure
7) religion
8) tax breaks/ gov’t

Question 2

What are the 6 anti-natalist forces?

Answer 2

1) impact on sex life
2) reduction in freedom
3) genetic disorders
4) increase in housework
5) less time for spouse
6) gov’t/company

Question 3

What are the major factors that affect the decision to have children and how do they work?

Answer 3

Education of wife (-)
Career goals of wife (-)
Prior children(-)
Age of wife (older=more)
Length of Marriage (longer=more)
Sex of prior children (all one=more)

Question 4

Family size, #s stable over time (53%), mostly by choice

Answer 4

No children

Question 5

Family size, 20% of families

Answer 5

One child

Question 6

Family size, norm in the US, 18% of families

Answer 6

Two children

Question 7

Family size, 9% of families, less parental time per child

Answer 7

3 or more children

Question 8

Affects 10-15% of couples, inability to get pregnant and carry pregnancy to term, after at least one year of unprotected regular sexual relations

Answer 8

Infertility

Question 9

What are the 3 types of infertility?

Answer 9

Primary(never conceived)
Secondary(conceived before but can’t now)
Pregnancy Wastage(always has miscarriage)

Question 10

What are the major causes of infertility in men?

Answer 10

In men(40%):

• low sperm count
• poor sperm motility
• damage from STI
• enlarged prostate

Question 11

What are the major causes of infertility in women?

Answer 11

In women(40%)

• blocked Fallopian tubes
• no ovulation
• dysfunctional ovaries
• chemically hostile cervical mucus
• damage from STIs

Question 12

How common are abortions?

Answer 12

1.3 million abortions per year in US (2% of all fertile women)

Question 13

Who gets abortions?

Answer 13

Majority are women under 30

By 45, 40% of women

Question 14

When do women get abortions?

Answer 14

90% occur in first trimester

• 25%medical/nonsurgical
• 75%surgical

Question 15

What percentage of US counties have no surgical abortion providers?

Answer 15

87%

Question 16

What are the factors that make a woman more likely to get an abortion?

Answer 16

• never married
• less religious
• ethnic minorities

Question 17

What impact does making abortion illegal have on women?

Answer 17

Making abortion illegal does not decrease its prevalence, it only makes it unsafe ( much more likely to kill or maim the woman)

Question 18

Based on the WHO report what factors influence abortion rates?

Answer 18

1) Contraception (abortion rates lowest in countries where contraception is cheap and readily available)
2) Sex Ed (abortion rates lowest in countries that teach children sex Ed)
3) Social welfare system (abortion rates lowest in countries where there is developed social welfare system to assist single mothers

Question 19

What are the major reasons for seeking an abortion?

Answer 19

1) contraceptive failure
2) financially unready
3) emotionally unready
4) health risk
5) infidelity
6) rape
7) relationship issues
8) birth defects