Exam Prep 5

Question 1

Hobbes leviathan

Answer 1

• nothing justifies rebellion against the state and that unjust rule is oreferbake to chaos
• lifestyle before government existed “poor, nasty, short”
• civil societies. Enter social contract with ruler. Surrendered rights. Freedom. And power in exchange for security. Law and order

Question 2

Liberalism vs libertarianism

Answer 2

Liberalism may freedom of individual and rights to life work and property l. Support idea of government as king upholds these goals

Libertarianism.
Full freedom in thought and action. Minimum government control. To defend their lives

Question 3

Locked social contract

Answer 3

• Locke thought people were inherently good.
  When people entered social contracts they didn’t need to surrender all their rights
• social contract dependent on cooperation between the ruler and ruler
  If rulers violate contract. Subject have right to rebel

Question 4

Rousseau social contact

Answer 4

• original state in nature. People were happy and that loving in structured society created oppression
• radical new form of government that rested not in a few rich and powerful but the will of all
• those who disagreed would not be allowed to act on it because it would harm the social contact

Question 5

Marxist terms
Capitalism
Socialism
Communism

Answer 5

Capitalism- economic and political system in which a country trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit

Socialism- try to correct flaws of capitalism by focusing on the intrest of the lower classes. Share the profits of workers throughout social systems

Communism.
Economic equality through the elimination of private property.
Each person works and paid accordingly to abilities and needs

Question 6

Aristocracy
Bourgeoise
Industrial working class s

Answer 6

Aristocracy (highest class) - wealthy without needing to work

Bourgeoise (middle class) Gain capital money. Therefore power in financial market

Industrial working class - work to survive

Question 7

T

Question 8

Totalitarianism

Answer 8

Dictatorship government that requires obedience to the state

Question 9

Pacifism

Answer 9

Morally obligated to use ability not to sue violence

Never moral acceptable to engage in war

Question 10

Nozick’s

Answer 10

Libertarianism and Anarchisma

-abolition of government
- voluntary and cooperative bias- thinking people would choose orderly on their own

“best government orders least”

Question 11

Charles Taylor

Answer 11

• believed individualism made people lesson concern about others

embracing multiculturalism bests way to create equal communities

communitarian

Question 12

foucrault

Answer 12

-prevent crime through observation
-controlling human behavior through survalinece

Question 13

Mouffe stance on political discourse

Answer 13

• people should talk pasoniatlly because values should be appreciated
• helped face conflict in more realistic way

Question 14

Zozick perspective on wealth

Answer 14

• people inherently good, even wealthly will share their wealth

-not obligated to pay taxes- morally wrong

Question 15

Habermas deliberative democracy

Answer 15

• discussing diverse stances we can create a strong society

Question 16

imagine ourselves in the shoes of any person in society to determine inequalities

Answer 16

veil of ignorance

Question 17

distributive justice

Answer 17

fair allocation of resources for all

brought about by affirmative action

theory proposed by rawls

Question 18

goal of distributive justice

Answer 18

equalize playing field for those who have been historically oppressed

Question 19

affirmative action

Answer 19

provide more job opportunities for people involved in minority +

Question 20

who is a pacificst

Answer 20

Gandi

Question 21

just war criteria of discrimination

Answer 21

only solider and military can be attacked not civilians

Question 22

just war theory

Answer 22

aims to idenitfy what wars could be acceptable

• outdated theory
  -catholic church

Question 23

according to marx- what would bring about socialism

Answer 23

conflict between lower and middle class

-a series of economic crises
-escalated exploitation of the lower class by the middle class for profit

Question 24

according to marx, what created conflict between the upper and lower class

Answer 24

capitalisms,
(country trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit)

want replaced by socialism

(correct flaws in capitalism, focus on interest of the lower class)

Question 25

communism

Answer 25

-form of socialism
-economic equality through elimination of private property

Question 26

totalitarianism

Answer 26

non democratic system with tyrannical ruler

Question 27

socialism

Answer 27

interest of the lower class, support through social systems

Question 28

capitalisms

Answer 28

controlled by for profit industry and trade

Question 29

what is the correct order of classes from lowest to highest

Answer 29

industrial
bourgeoisie
aristocracy

Question 30

NOT a quality for Rousseau vision for the general will

Answer 30

social contract needs to be upheld through manipulation or exile

Question 31

Rousseau social contract

Answer 31

radial form of government, that rest not on a few rich and powerful but the will of all

Question 32

locke beliefs

Answer 32

• people are inherently good, when enter social contracts they do not have to surrender all their rights

-dependent on cooperation between ruler and the ruled

Question 33

what did Locke and hobbies agree on

Answer 33

social contracts are beneficial to society