Exam points for Education Flashcards
16 Marker
Differences in educational achievement due to ethnicity
AO1- parental attitudes
A02- Effort and support, gives a child a reason to try
A03 AN- pushes them to perform well, rewards grades and positive family support
EV- Driver and Ballard, Asian parents more positive attitudes/support
AO1- family structure
AO2- Asian families living with grand parents, revision disturbance
AO3AN- education may seem pressured to do well, respectful
EV- Murray afro-Caribbean single mums fail to socialise child
AO1- cultural deprivation
AO2- language and intellect skills, ethnic minorities lack it
AO3AN- Gap in teaching language barrier- difficult
EV- Driver and Ballard, Asian SPEAKING CHILDREN KNEW English as good as classmates by 16
6 Marker
Ethnocentric curriculum
AO1- holidays for example, Christmas, school holidays always fall on Christian holidays
AO1- history lessons, mostly taught british history, gives biased view and may make other cultures feel excluded
AO1- food in canteen mostly always british, may feel excluded e.g. halal
30 marker AO1s for evaluating feminist explanations for the role of education
1 – History of girls/women in education- Link this to Marxist Feminism and women propping up capitalism (Zaretsky)
2 – Education has changed (Social Policy) - Link this to Liberal Feminism and march of progress
3 – Education has changed (Changing Attitudes) - Link this to Liberal Feminism and march of progress
4 – Gendered subject choice - Link this to Marxist Feminism and the women’s role being the reserve army of labour
5 – Gendered stereotypes - Link this to Radical Feminism as this hinders women’s progression and reinforces gender stereotypes
6 – Gendered discrimination/male gaze- Link this to Radical Feminism and all men oppress women and all men benefit from patriarchy
30 marker AO2 points for evaluating feminist explanations for the role of education in education
AO2: Spender’s theory on invisible women to suggest that previously women were not encouraged in education
AO2: Examples such as: STEM/GIST, compulsory education, national curriculum and raising the leaving age
AO2: Examples such as: Sue Sharp’s research on women’s priorities changing, Wilkinson’s research on genderquake suggesting that there are more aspirational female role models.
AO2: Students are encouraged to take subjects specific to their gender. This can be done through: peer pressure into taking socially acceptable subjects of their gender and teacher encouragement
AO2: Heaton and Lawson- ‘hidden’ curriculum is a source of gender socialisation- e.g. textbooks show nuclear family. Food tech aimed at females, sports in school differences in activity, female teachers but management is male dominated and patriarchal
AO2: Mac and Ghaill’s research on teachers telling off males for ‘behaving like girls’/Coffey and Delamont’s research on the patriarchal school structure of the school/ male pupils and teachers look at females as sexual objects and therefore don’t feel confident or comfortable in classroom
What are some AO3 evaluations for evaluating feminist explanations for the role of education
1: Yet difference feminism would argue that we cannot generalise all women’s experiences in the education system.
2: Yet parental influence has the greatest impact as their attitudes are passed down to the students and their views on the gender role come from family influence rather than education.
3: Yet there are still few positive female role models in science etc.
4: In same sex schools there is little evidence of gendered subjects
5: Teachers are trained in inclusivity and textbooks are inclusive.
6: Postmodernism and education- Inclusivity and diversity policies in education.
