Exam III: Microbial Metabolism Flashcards
Define “metabolism”
The sum of chemical reactions within a living organism
Metabolism is the chemistry of breaking things down for ____ AND ______ for cellular life
Energy; Building/Making things
Metabolism = ___ + ___
anabolism + catabolism
___ is the synthesis of complex organic molecules from simpler molecules.
Anabolism
___ is the breakdown of complex organic molecules into simper molecules
Catabolism
These kinds of reactions release water…
Dehydration Synthesis
These kinds of reactions use water molecules…
Hydrolytic
Catabolic reactions are generally ___ reactions (water molecules get used).
Hydrolytic
Anabolic reactions are generally ___ reaction (releases water).
Dehydration synthesis
Means “consuming energy”…is related to ____ reactions
Endergonic; Anabolism
Means “produces energy”…is related to ___ reactions.
Exergonic; Catabolism
These are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions.
Enzymes
True/False: Enzymes are not consumed in chemical reactions.
True. Enzymes are NOT consumed in the reaction.
Enzymes have a ____ shape to recognize substrates.
Unique
Enzymes are specific for a particular ___ and ___.
Substrate and Reaction
___ is where the enzyme acts on on a particular molecule (protein, RNA, DNA, etc), specifically by attaching to the ___.
Substrate; Active site
True/False: Enzymes participate in chemical reactions, but are not consumed by them.
True. Enzymes are not consumed in chemical reactions. They can function over and over again.
___ (enzyme speed) is the maximum number of substrate molecules an enzyme molecule can convert to product each second.
Turnover number
What is the turnover number for DNA polymerase (DNA synthesis)?
250
What is the turnover number for Catalase (breakdown of H2O2)?
20,000
___ enzymes are made entirely of protein (sequences of ___ that fold up into 3D shape).
Simple; Amino acids
___ enzymes are more complex, and made up of 2 parts.
Conjugated
The protein component of a conjugated enzyme is called the ___.
Apoenzyme
The non-protein component of a conjugated enzyme is called the ___.
Cofactor