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Reproduction > Exam II Review pt Two > Flashcards

Exam II Review pt Two Flashcards

1
Q

Which 3 tissues/organs will you find a PRIMARY choriocarcinoma? (NOT metastatic)

A

1.Ovaries, 2.Testies, 3.endometrium (c/o a pregnancy or an abortion)

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2
Q

Which 3 tissues/organs will you find a METASTATIC choriocarcinoma?

A
  1. Liver 2.Lungs 3.Bone
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3
Q

Which hormone ‘elaborates’ in a choriocarcinoma to help with the diagnosis?

A

hCG

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4
Q

What is another name for a dermoid cyst? What type of ovarian neoplasia is it?

A

A benign cystic TERA-TOMA…a Germ cell tumor

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5
Q

What age range are you most likely to see a dermoid cyst?

A

women YOUNGER then 25 years of age

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6
Q

What is the male homologue tumor that relates to the female Dys-germ-in-oma?

A

the male Semin-oma

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7
Q

What makes up 1/2 of all malignant germ cell tumors?

A

Dys-germ-in-oma

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8
Q

When do dysgerminoma’s usually occur?

A

Childhood (they are radiosensitive)

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9
Q

What are the two homologue ovarian tumors mentioned? What are they homologous with?

A

1.Dysgerminoma-F & Seminoma-M 2.Endometrial Sinus Tumor-F & Yolk Sac tumor-M

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10
Q

The most common GYN cancer overall is _________ cancer….BUT _______ GYN cancer causes the most deaths.

A

Endometrial=most common…..Ovarian=most deaths

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11
Q

What are the 4 pairs of Surface Epithelial tumor type=Mimicked tissue?

A

1.Serous Tumors=Fallopian Tube Epithelium 2.Mucinous Tumors=Endocervial Epithelium 3.Endometriod tumors=Endometrial Glands 4.Brenner tumors= TRANSITIONAL epithelium

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12
Q

What do we call the tumor that metastasizes FROM the G.I. Tract TO the Ovaries???

A

Kru-Ken-Berg Tumors

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13
Q

What 2 things does a woman usually first have before she has the chance of getting an ectopic pregnancy?

A

1.Chronic Salpingitis (p.i.d.) 2.Peritubual Adhesions (endometriosis, previous surgeries, leiomyomas)

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14
Q

What is actually undergoing a hydropic degeneration in a hydatidiform mole?

A

the chorionic villi

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15
Q

What is a placental abnormality marked by trophoblastic proliferation and hydropic degeneration of the chorionic villi?

A

a hydatidiform mole

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16
Q

What is the most common form of a hydatidiform mole? Which chromosomes do not develop in this circumstance?

A

a complete mole…the maternal chromosomes are lost during fertilization

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17
Q

What is Wharton’s Jelly?

A

Mucous Connective Tissue found in the umbilical cord

18
Q

The right and left umbilical arteries carry _________ blood from the fetus to the placenta.

A

deoxygenated

19
Q

The umbilical vein carries _________ blood from the placenta to the fetus.

A

oxygenated

20
Q

In the NORMAL umbilical cord..What are the 2 vessels, what is the 1 vessel?

A

2: R and L umbilical ARTERIES (the two eyes)……1:the umbilical vein (the mouth/smiley face!)

21
Q

What is found in nearly 18% of placentas and occurs most commonly in placentas from pregnancies prolonged beyond the 42nd week of gestation?

A

Meconium-Stained placentas

22
Q

What is thought to be related to acute fetal hypoxia and distress? (but this recently has been challenged)

A

Meconium-Stained placenta

23
Q

What is the major complication of thick meconium?

A

Aspiration causing a fetal chemical pneumonitis

24
Q

What is the decidua? What are its two main functions?

A

the thicker and more vascularized endometrial tissue ready for blastocyst implantation. 1.nutrition 2. implantation

25
Q

What is the abnormal placental implantation where the villi attach to the myometrium without further invasion?

A

Placenta Accreta

26
Q

What is the abnormal placental implantation where the villi invade into the underlying myometrium?

A

Placenta Increta

27
Q

What is the abnormal placental implantation where the villi penetrate into the full thickness of the uterine wall?

A

Placenta PerCreta

28
Q

What is the most common presenting sign of Placenta Accreta?

A

Bleeding in the third trimester

29
Q

What are the normal parameters of the placenta? (diameter and thickness in cm PLEASEEEE).. How much does it weigh? (in g and lbs PLEASEEEE)

A

22-24 cm in diameter and 2.5-3.0 cm thick….weighs 500g (1 lb)

30
Q

What are the normal parameters of the umbilical cord? (diameter and length in cm PLEASEEE)

A

1-2 cm in diameter and 50-60cm long

31
Q

What are the normal parameters of the amniotic fluid?…I mean, 1. What is the volume of amniotic fluid @ birth? 2. What is the daily water exchange rate (in mL/hr) AND 3.At term, how much amniotic fluid is ingested and how much is excreted (in mL/day)?

A
  1. ~1 L…….. 2. 500mL/hr ………. 3. 400mL/day in and 500mL/day out
32
Q

What are the 3 hormones of the placenta?

A

1.Estrone, 2.Estradiol (most potent), and 3. Estriol

33
Q

Where would I expect to find cotyledons?

A

on the MATERNAL side of the placenta (think SUCKTION CUP!)

34
Q

FOR the FREGGIN 5th time!!!! What is the growth hormone for the fetus?????

A

HUMAN PLACENTAL LACTO-GEN (hPL)

35
Q

Which placental variation am I? The fetal membranes present as a thick ring, rolled and raised over the fetal surface instead of at the edge of the placenta.

A

CircumVallate Placenta

36
Q

Which placental variation am I? The presence of one or many extra lobes of placental tissue near the main placenta, usually linked by thin chorionic tissue. (about 1 in 600 placentas)

A

Accessory (Succenturiate) Lobes (cotyledons)

37
Q

What is the condition where numerous small, gray or yellow nodules on the fetal surface which may be associated with Oligohydramnios and renal agenesis (Potters Syndrome)?

A

Amnion NO-DO-SA

38
Q

AGAIN! What is the major complication of a THICK meconium?

A

Aspiration causing a fatal chemical PNEUMONITIS

39
Q

What is infection and inflammation of the placental amnion, chorion, and extraplacental membranes?

A

Chorio-amnion-itis

40
Q

What is the main cause of ChorioAmnionItis?

A

PROM (Premature Ruptre of the Amniochorionic Membranes)

41
Q

What are the 3 species and their subcategories that have been associated with ChorioAmnionitits?

A

1.gential Mycoplasma (M. Hominis, U. Urealyticum)…….2. anaerobic (Bacteriodes)……….3.aerobic (1.group B streptococcus, 2. E. Coli 3. Gardinella Vainalis)

42
Q

What is infection of the umbilical cord?

A

FUN-is-itis

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