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Reproduction > Exam I Review Part II (Vulvar, Vagina, Cervix Neoplasias) > Flashcards

Exam I Review Part II (Vulvar, Vagina, Cervix Neoplasias) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 names & types of cancers involved with the vulva, vagina, and cervix?

A

1.Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia (VIN)-Sq Cell Carcinoma 2. Carcinoma of the Vagina-Sq Cell Carcinoma 3. Carcinoma of the Cervix-Sq.Cell Carcinoma

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2
Q

What % of GYN cancers is Carcinoma of the Vulva?

A

3%

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3
Q

What % of GYN cancers is Carcinoma of the Vagina?

A

2%

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4
Q

What is the Stage I survival rate for carcinoma of the vagina? What about Stage IV?

A

Stage I: 80% Stage IV:20%

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5
Q

Which GYN cancer accounts for approx. 20% of all malignant tumors of the female reproductive tract, but accounts for more deaths than cancer of the body of the uterus, vagina, and vulva together.

A

Carcinoma of the Cervix

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6
Q

Which Carcinoma is associated with HPV?

A

Cervical Cancer

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7
Q

What % of all malignant tumors of the reproductive tract are associated with Carcinoma of the Cervix?

A

20%

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8
Q

What are the FOUR risk factors for Cervical Cancer?

A
  1. Sexual Intercourse at an Early Age 2.Multiple Sex Partners 3.HPV infection 4.VD’s: Herpes/Syphilis
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9
Q

What is a DYSPLASIA?

A

Lack of Normal maturation of squamous epithelium

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10
Q

What are the grades & abbreviations of dysplasia in cervical cancer? What is a CIN?

A

CIN-Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia……1. Mild-CIN I 2.Moderate-CIN II 3.Severe-CIN III

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11
Q

How are the grades of dysplasia determined on a histological sample?

A

1.CIN I - Basal cells extend 1/3 from Basement Membrane 2. CIN II - Basal Cells extend 2/3 from BM 3. CIN III - basal cells are the ‘full thickness’ of the tissue’

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12
Q

What type of lesion is a CIN III dysplasia: Invasive or In-Situ?

A

In-Situ

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13
Q

What is the most common cause of death in advanced cervical cancer?

A

RENAL FAILURE…complete urinary tract obstruction by the neoplasm

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14
Q

When is a cancer no longer considered in-situ and is now invasive?

A

When cancer cells cross the Basement Membrane and extend into the underlying connective tissue stroma

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15
Q

What is CIS?

A

Carcinoma In Situ

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16
Q

What are the three causes of a Bartholin Gland Cyst?

A

Staph, Chlamydia, and anerobes

17
Q

What can happen if a Bartholin gland cyst gets infected?

A

It can turn in to an abscess

18
Q

What is abnormal growth of the vulvar skin characterized by white plaques, atrophy of the skin, and a parchment-like consistency to the skin with contracture of the vulvar tissue?

A

Lichen Sclerosis

19
Q

Which pathology is associated with middle aged to older women: Bartholin gland cyst or Lichen Sclerosis?

A

Lichen Sclerosis

20
Q

Does Lichen sclerosis have malignant potential?

A

Nope

21
Q

What are the 3 congenital abnormalities of the Uterus?

A
  1. Bicornis (septate) uterus 2.Uterus Didelphys 3.Uterus Septae
22
Q

_________ is a uterus with a common fused wall between two distinct uterine cavities. Due to a failure of the common wall between the apposed mullerian ducts to degenerate, forming a single uterine cavity.

A

Bicornis (septate) Uterus

23
Q

_________ refers to a double uterus with a double vagina. Again due to failure of the two mullerian ducts to fuse during embryonic life.

A

Uterus Di-del-phys

24
Q

________ refers to a single uterus with a partial remaining septum, owing to failure of the wall of the fused mullerian ducts to fully resorb.

A

Uterus Septae

25
Q

Which uterine malformation is a ‘heart’ shape?

A

Bicornis (Septate) Uterus

26
Q

Each breast consists of 15-20 _____, or compartments, separated by ______ tissue.

A

lobes….adipose

27
Q

In each lobe are several _______, composed of connective tissue, in which milk-secreting cells referred to as ______ are embedded.

A

lobules…..alveolar (asceni) cells

28
Q

Between the lobules are strands of C.T. called the ___________.

A

Suspensory Ligaments of Cooper

29
Q

Breast DUCTS take milk from _____ to _____.

A

Lobule to Ampullae (storage underneath areola/nipple)

30
Q

Which Stage of Cervical Cancer?? No gross lesions. The carcinoma is limited to the mucosa (CIS).

A

Stage 0

31
Q

Which Stage of Cervical Cancer?? Invasive but CONFINED to the cervix. What is the prognosis? (%)

A

Stage I..87% 5 yr survival

32
Q

Which Stage of Cervical Cancer?? Cancer extends beyond the cervix, not reaching the pelvic wall or upper vagina. What is the prognosis? (%)

A

Stage II…75% 5 yr survival

33
Q

Which Stage of Cervical Cancer?? Cancer reaches the pelvic wall and invades the lower third of the vagina. What is the prognosis? (%)

A

Stage III…35% 5 yr survival

34
Q

Which Stage of Cervical Cancer?? Cancer has spread beyond the pelvis and has infiltrated adjacent organs. What is the prognosis? (%)

A

Stage IV…15% 5 yr survival

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