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health promotion > exam ii: growth and development framework > Flashcards

exam ii: growth and development framework Flashcards

1
Q

growth patterns

A

expected patterns exist for all human beings; children grow at different rates

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2
Q

what is the best reflection/indication of growth

A

growth charts

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3
Q

4 causes of social change

A

technology
social institutions
populations
environment

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4
Q

growth

A

quantifiable change in structure, MOST important indicator of child’s overall health and development

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5
Q

growth in childhood

A

physical changes measured and charted regularly (growth charts)

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6
Q

growth in adulthood

A

assess systems undergoing change

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7
Q

4 influences on growth

A

gender
age
genetics
environment

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8
Q

learning

A

process of gaining knowledge and skills from exposure, education, experiences –> results in behavioral change

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9
Q

t/f: learning cannot occur unless individual is mature enough to understand and control behavior

A

true

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10
Q

maturation

A

increased competence due to changes in structural complexity that make higher level functioning possible –> indiv learns to react to situations appropriately

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11
Q

development

A

process by which child develops his/her psychomotor skills; gradual change and expansion of ability and skill
- patterns are predictable, timing is individual

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12
Q

3 early developmental patterns

A
  1. cephalocaudal (head to toe)
  2. proximodistal (CNS then PNS)
  3. differentiation (simple to complex)
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13
Q

what is erikson’s theory of psychological development

A

8 stages in which a healthy indiv should pass thru from birth to death ⇒ each stage requires resolution of conflict between 2 opposing forces

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14
Q

trust vs mistrust
- age
- success in stage
- fail in stage

A

infancy-2yrs
- trust self and others
- inability to trust, withdrawal/isolation

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15
Q

autonomy vs shame and doubt
- age
- success in stage
- fail in stage

A

2-4yrs
- exercise self control
- defiance and negativity

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16
Q

initiative vs guilt
- age
- success in stage
- fail in stage

A

4-6yrs
- eval own behavior, learns limits
- fear, pessimistic, lack of confidence

17
Q

industry vs inferiority
- age
- success in stage
- fail in stage

A

6-12yrs
- self confidence creative energy
- feelings of inadequacy, mediocrity/self doubt

18
Q

identity vs role confusion
- age
- success in stage
- fail in stage

A

12-20yrs
- coherent sense of self, plans for future
- inability to dev personal/vocation identity

19
Q

intimacy vs isolation
- age
- success in stage
- fail in stage

A

20-35yrs
- connections in work/relationships
- avoid intimacy and commitments

20
Q

generativity vs stagnation
- age
- success in stage
- fail in stage

A

35-65
- involved with est family, expand personal creativity
- lack of interests/commitments, occupied with self centered concerns

21
Q

ego integrity vs despair
- age
- success in stage
- fail in stage

A

65-death
- involved with est family, ID of life as meaningful
- fear of death, life lacks meaning, regrets

22
Q

piaget’s theory of cognitive development

A

cognitive development was a progressive reorganization of mental processes as a result of biological maturation and environment experience

23
Q

by what age does piaget think cognitive development should be done?

A

15 yrs

24
Q

scheme

A

describe a pattern of action/thought

25
Q

assimilate

A

to take in a thought or idea

26
Q

accomodate

A

modify a new experience

27
Q

sensorimotor
- age
- significant change

A

birth- 18/24 months
- object permanence, reflexes, imitate

28
Q

pre-operational
- age
- significant change

A

2-7yrs
- symbolic thought, language, magical thinking, senses

29
Q

concrete operational
- age
- significant change

A

7-11yrs
- operational thought, logical approach, collect and master facts

30
Q

formal operational
- age
- significant change

A

adolescent-adulthood
- abstract concepts, true, logical thoughts

31
Q

vygotsky’s theory of cognitive development

A

cognitive abilities are socially guided and constructed, learning is taught through social and cultural experiences (from piaget’s idea)

32
Q

social constructivism

A

cognitive fxns are the products of social interactions

33
Q

zone of proximal development

A

teaching a child new skills = child learns best in situations where they can almost complete a task on their own but not quite there

34
Q

scaffolding

A

system provided by instructor to help student reach next level of learning

35
Q

kohlberg’s moral development theory

A

emphasizes ethic of justice; progression through successive stages of moral development –> ppl move through these in a fixed order

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