Exam I Spinal Cord

Question 1

what are the spinal cord enlargement locations and the name given to each

Answer 1

C3-T1: the cervical enlargement

T9-T12: the lumbar (lumbosacral) enlargement

Question 2

where is the greatest diameter of the spinal cord

Answer 2

C6

Question 3

in which plane (or direction) will the diameter of the spinal decrease from C2-T1

Answer 3

midsagittal or anterior-posterior plane

Question 4

what is a generic cord level of origin- vertebral level combination for the lumbar (lumboscral) enlargement

Answer 4

L1,L2 cord levels in T9 vertebra; L3,L4 cord levels in T10 vertebra; L5,S1 cord levels in T11 vertebra; S2,S3 cord levels in T12 vertebra

Question 5

what is the caudal end of the spinal cord called

Answer 5

conus medullaris

Question 6

what spinal nerves originate from the conus medullaris

Answer 6

typically S4,S5, and Co1

Question 7

in which vertebral foramen will the conus medullaris typically be observed

Answer 7

L1

Question 8

what is the name given to nerve roots below L1

Answer 8

cauda equina

Question 9

what is the continuation of pia mater below the conus medullaris called

Answer 9

filum terminale internum

Question 10

what is the location and name given to the area where all the meninges first converge at the caudal part of the vertebral column

Answer 10

typically S2, the dural cul de sac

Question 11

neural tissue has been identifed in what part of the filum terminale

Answer 11

proximal part of the filum terminale internum

Question 12

what is the fate of the neural tissue identified along the filum terminale internum

Answer 12

it joins peripheral nerve roots of spinal nerves as high as L3 and as low as S4

Question 13

what does the neural tissue associated with the filum terminale externum appear to innervate

Answer 13

lower limbs and the external anal sphincter

Question 14

the last arterial vasa corona creates what feature on angiogram

Answer 14

cruciate anastomosis

Question 15

what is the name given to the condensation of meninges below S2

Answer 15

filum terminale externum

Question 16

what is the name given to the caudal attachment of the meninges

Answer 16

coccygeal medullary vestige

Question 17

what is the name given to the condition in which the conus medullaris is located below L1 and the filum terminale is thickened

Answer 17

tethered cord syndrome

Question 18

what is the relationship between scoliosis and tethered cord syndrome

Answer 18

it is suggested that the column will change normal curvatures to mitigate damage to the spinal cord

Question 19

in the horizontal view what direction of the spinal cord tends to be largest

Answer 19

transverse