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Spinal Anatomy Fall 2015 > Exam I General Orginization of a Vertebra > Flashcards

Exam I General Orginization of a Vertebra Flashcards

1
Q

what is the general shape of the vertebral body at each region of the spine

A

cervical-rectangular, thoracic- triangular, lumbar- reniform

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2
Q

what is the name given to the compact bone at the superior and inferior surfaces of the vertebral bodies

A

superior epiphyseal rim, inferior epiphyseal rim

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3
Q

what is the name given to the cartilage found at the superior and inferior surface of developing vertebral body

A

superior epiphyseal rim, inferior epiphyseal rim

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4
Q

what are the names of the openings found around the margins of the vertebral body

A

nutrient foramen or vascular foramina

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5
Q

what large opening is usually observed at the back of the vertebral body

A

the basivertebral venous foramen

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6
Q

what is the name given to the anterior part of the vertebral arch

A

the pedicle

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7
Q

what is the name given to the feature located ar the upper and lower surfaces of the pedicle

A

the superior vertebral notch or superior vertebral incisure; the inferior vertebral notch or inferior vertebral incisure

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8
Q

what is the generic orientation of the pedicle at each region of the spine

A

cervical- posterollateral
thoracic- posterior, slight lateral
lumbar- posterior

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9
Q

all lamina are orientated in what direction

A

posterior and median

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10
Q

what ligament will attach to the lamina

A

the ligamentum flavum

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11
Q

what is the name given to abnormal bone at the attachment site of the ligamentum flavum

A

para-articular process

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12
Q

what classification of bone does the para-articular process represent

A

accessory bone

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13
Q

what is the name given to the overlap of laminae seen on X-ray

A

shingling

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14
Q

what is the name given to the lamina-pedicle junction at each region of the spine

A

cervical articular pillar; thoracic lumbar- pars interarticularis

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15
Q

what is the name given to the junction of the vertebral arch- spinous process on lateral x-ray

A

the spinolaminar junction

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16
Q

what is the name given to the tubular bone growth regions of the vertebral arch

A

the apophyseal regions

17
Q

what names may be given to each apophysis of the spine

A

the transverse apophysis or transverse process; articular apophysis or articular process; spinous apophysis or spinous process

18
Q

what is the generic orientation of the transverse process or transverse apophysis at each region of the spine

A

cervical- anterolateral; thoracic- posterolateral; lumbar- lateral

19
Q

all non-rib-bearing vertebra of the spine retain what equivalent feature

A

the costal element

20
Q

what is the name given to the rounded elevation at the end of the transverse apophysis or transverse process

A

the transverse tubercle

21
Q

what will cause the transverse process/transverse apophysis to alter its initial direction in the cervical region

A

cervical nerves are pulled forward to form the cervical and brachial nerve plexuses thus remodeling the transverse process to accommodate their new position

22
Q

what will cause the transverse process/transverse apophysis to alter its initial direction in the thoracic region

A

the growth of the lungs remodel the shape of the ribs which in turn push the transverse processes backward

23
Q

what are the three basic osseous parts of a vertebra

A

the vertebral body, vertebral arch, and the apophyseal regions

24
Q

what will the articular process/articular apophysis support

A

the articular facet

25
Q

what is the name given to the joint formed between articular facets of a vertebral couple

A

the zygapophysis

26
Q

what is the name given to the bone surface at the front of the zygapophysis

A

the superior articular facet

27
Q

what is the name given to the bone surface at the back of the zygapophysis

A

the inferior articular facet

28
Q

what names are given to the part of the vertebra which supports the front of the zygapophysis

A

the superior articular apophysis, the superior articular process, or the pre-zygapophysis

29
Q

what names are given to the part of the vertebra which supports the back of the zygapophysis

A

the inferior articular process, the inferior articular process, or post-zygapophysis

30
Q

what is the name given to the part of the vertebra forming the pre-zygapophysis

A

the superior articular process or superior articular apophysis

31
Q

what is the name given to the part of the vertebra forming the post-zygapophysis

A

the inferior articular process or inferior articular apophysis

32
Q

what will form the posterior boundary of a typical intervertebral foramen

A

the inferior articular process/post-zygapophysis, the superior articular process/pre-zygapophysis, the capsular ligament, and the ligamentum flavum

33
Q

what will form the superior boundary of a typical intervertebral foramen

A

the inferior vertebral notch or inferior vertebral incisure

34
Q

what will form the inferior boundary of a typical intervertebral foramen

A

the superior vertebral notch of superior vertebral incisure

35
Q

what will form the anterior boundary of a typical intervertebral foramen

A

the vertebral body of the segment above, the vertebral body of the segment below, the intervertebral disc, and the PLL

36
Q

what is the method of calculating the angle of the spinous process/spinous apophysis

A

calculate the angle formed between the undersurface of the spinous process/spinous apophysis and the horizontal plane

37
Q

what is the name given to the normal overlap of spinous processes or spinous apophyses as seen on X-ray

A

imbrication

38
Q

what is the name given to the rounded elevation at the tip of the spinous process/spinous apophysis

A

the spinous tubercle

39
Q

what is the orientation of the spinous process/spinous apophysis at each region of the spine

A

cervical- slight angle inferiorly
thoracic- noticeable angle inferiorly
lumbar- no inferior angle

Spinal Anatomy Fall 2015 (29 decks)

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