Exam 2- Atypical Cervical Vertebrae C2 Flashcards
What unique vertebral body modification is characteristics of C2
The dens or odontoid process
How many joint surfaces are present on the odontoid process of C2
Facet for fovea dentis, groove for transverse atlantal ligament, attachment sites for the alar ligaments, attachment site for the apical-dental ligament
Which joint classifications are represented at the odontoid process of C2
Fibrous syndesmosis joint and synovial pivot joint
What is the name given to the odontoid process when the facet for fovea dentis lies above the groove to the transverse atlantal ligament and the attachment sites for the apical-dental and alar ligaments appear to be directed posterior
Lordotic dens
What is the name given to the odontoid process when the facet for fovea dentis lies below the groove for the transverse atlantal ligament and the attachment sites for the apical-dental and alar ligaments appear to be directed anterior
Kyphotic dens
How many joints are formed by the inferior part of the vertebral body of C2
Five
What joint classifications are present at the inferior part part of the vertebral body of C2
Fibrous syndesmosis, modified synovial saddle and cartilaginous symphysis
How many joint surfaces are present at the verterbal body of C2
Ten
What joint classifications are present at the verterbal body of C2
Fibrous syndesmosis, synovial pivot, modified synovial saddle and cartilaginous symphysis
What ligaments will attach posteriorly to the inferior epiphyseal rim of C2
Membrane tectoria and PLL
What ligament forms the anterior boundary for the spinal canal above C2
Membrane tectoria
What ligament forms the anterior boundary for the spinal canal below C2
PLL
What lies on the upper surface of the pedicle of C2
The superior articular process
What is the location of the superior vertebral notch of C2
On the lamina-pedicle junction
What attaches to the lamina of C2
Obliquus capitis inferior muscle, posterior Atlanta-axial ligament, ligamentum flavum
What is the facet orientation of the superior articular facet of C2
BUL
What is the protection of the inferior articular facets of C2
FoLD
What muscle attaches to the articular process of C2
Longissimus cervicis
What osseous parts of the typical cervical transverse process are present at C2
Costal element, posterior tubercle and true transverse process
What is the gender variation for the transverse diameter of C2
Males: 57
Females: 50
What muscles attach to the transverse process at C2
Lavator scapulae, middle scalene, splenius cervicis, longissimus cervicis and intertransversarri
What is the characteristic appearance of the C2 spinous process
Bifid
What muscles attach to the spinous process of C2
Rectus capitis posterior major, obliquus capitis inferior, spinalis cervicis, semispinalis cervicis, multifidis, rotators and interspinalis muscles
What names are given to C2
Axis or epistropheus
