Exam- Drug Use and Abuse

Question 1

Drug use

Answer 1

taking a drug as it was intended (intended purpose, correct manner)

Question 2

drug misuse

Answer 2

• not following proper directions
• “Off label” drug use (prescribed for something and used for something else)

Question 3

drug abuse

Answer 3

excessive use of a drug
- Not for medicinal purposes

Question 4

individual responses to drugs

Answer 4

highly variable (based on an individual)

Question 5

total internal environment when drug is taken

Answer 5

physical, emotional factors
- How much you’ve eaten
- Sleep
- Any other drugs
- tolerance

Question 6

setting: total external environment

Answer 6

physical and social factors
- Where are you
- Who are you around

Question 7

abuse of prescription drugs can lead to:

Answer 7

tolerance, withdrawal, physical and physiological issues

Question 8

most common prescription drug abuse

Answer 8

opioids

Question 9

illicit drugs

Answer 9

illegal to possess, produce or sell
- cocaine
- methamphetamines
- heroine
- psychedelics/hallucinogens
- anabolic steroids
- inhalants

Question 10

active ingredient in marijuana

Answer 10

THC- variable potency

Question 11

effects: within minutes of marijuana use

Answer 11

↓ HR, BP and respiration, red eyes, dry mouth, ↑ appetite
↓ coordination, ↓ reaction time
euphoria, calmness, anxiety, or paranoia
altered perceptions, cognitive impairment

Question 12

possible risks of chronic use of marijuana

Answer 12

damage to tissues of respiratory system
↓ testosterone, sperm count, fetal abnormalities
↑ risk of cardiac arrest
dependence?
impaired cognitive function
Mental illness?
gateway drug?

Question 13

what is medical marijuana used for

Answer 13

compassionate end-of-life care
severe pain, muscle spasm, anorexia, nausea

Question 14

what date was the Cannabis Act in effect?

Answer 14

October 17th 2018

Question 15

Cocaine

Answer 15

CNS stimulant
- white powder derived from leaves of coco shrubs
- snorted, injected or smoked

Question 16

effects of cocaine within mins

Answer 16

rush of euphoria → energetic, alert, excited
effects mood, judgment, coordination, vision

Question 17

dangers of cocaine

Answer 17

highly addictive, respiratory damage, irritability, aggression, ↑ risk MI, stroke, ↑ risk of miscarriage, congenital defects

Question 18

Amphetamines

Answer 18

CNS stimulants (similar to cocaine)
small doses improve alertness, elevate mood

Question 19

chronic use of amphetamines

Answer 19

physiological and psychological dependence

Question 20

Methamphetamine

Answer 20

most broadly abused
- snorted, smokes, injection oral injection

Question 21

effects of amphetamines within mins

Answer 21

rush of euphoria → excitation → agitation, anxiety

Question 22

dangers of Amphetamines

Answer 22

severe dependence, irritability, aggression, severe cognitive impairment, weight loss, ↑ risk MI, stroke (inflammation of valves and cardiac tissue), leads to damage to face and teeth

Question 23

Heroin Assisted Treatment

Answer 23

Long term users required to visit specialized clinics to receive injections
Evidence suggest decreased illicit drug use and overall crime activities in those receiving treatment

Question 24

psychedelics, hallucinogens, deliriants

Answer 24

LSD (acid), magic mushrooms, PCP, ecstasy

Question 25

psychoactive drugs

Answer 25

effect brain functioning
alter feelings, perceptions, and thoughts
interfere with sensory signals - “synesthesia ”–> (temporary)
some produce auditory or visual hallucinations

Question 26

Anabolic Steroids

Answer 26

Promotes muscle growth and strength
- euphoria, reduced fatigue

Abused as erogenic aid
- designed to enhance athletic performance

Question 27

Anabolic steroid health risk

Answer 27

• changes in secondary sex characteristics
• mood swings, hypertension, elevated cholesterol, liver & kidney damage, impaired immunity, ↑ risk of CVD and liver cancer

Question 28

inhalants

Answer 28

legal products that are sniffed or inhaled to produce “high” - euphoria, spiciness

glues, hair sprays, paints, lighter fluid, nitrous oxide

Question 29

danger of inhalants

Answer 29

very dangerous, difficult to control dose
irregular heart beats, ↓ O2 saturation, brain damage, heart, liver and kidney damage

Question 30

Tackling Drug Abuse

Answer 30

National Anti-Drug Strategy – 2007
federal, provincial and municipal level initiative

1. reduce supply and demand for illicit drugs
   combating production and distribution operations
2. Prevention programs
   education & awareness, efforts to minimize impact
3. treatment and rehabilitation programs
   Canadian Alcohol & Drug Use Monitoring Survey, 2017
   in past-year use of marijuana & other illicit drugs (15% compared to 13%)