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IM 1 > Exam 5 Material > Flashcards

Exam 5 Material Flashcards

1
Q

Why is Patient education important?

A
  • essential component of safe, patient-centered care
  • standard for professional nursing practice
  • falls within the scope of nursing practive
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2
Q

what do we teach?

A
  • health analogies
    -resortation of health
  • coping with impaired functions
  • promotion of health and illness and prevention
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3
Q

The nurses role

A
  • Determine ~ what pts/families need to know
  • provide the time to teach
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4
Q

identify patients

A

exisiting knowledge
learning preferences
readiness to learn

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5
Q

Nursing goals

A

assist the pt
promote pt understanding

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6
Q

three domains of learning

A

Cognitive
affective
psychomotor

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7
Q

Cognitive learning

A
  • requires thinking
  • 1 on 1 or group
  • intellectual behaviors
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8
Q

Affective learning

A
  • expression of feelings
  • attitudes, opinions, or values
  • 1 on 1
  • role play
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9
Q

psychomotor learning

A
  • “hands on” skills
  • Demostration
    -Practice
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10
Q

Basic learning principles (4)

A
  • stimulus to learn
  • readiness to learn
  • Ability to learn
  • learning environment
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11
Q

Motivation to learn

A

Acts on or within a person to cause the person to behave in a particular way

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12
Q

Theory to learn

A

matches a persons learning needs

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13
Q

culture to learn

A

respect ps identity and needs

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14
Q

active participation to learn

A

implies an eagerness

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15
Q

Attentional Set

A
  • mental and physically
  • positive factors
  • obstacles
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16
Q

Psychosocial adaption

A

assist the patient after an incident

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17
Q

Grieving

A

allows the patient
- accept the reality of their illness/injury
- new normal

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18
Q

Developmental capability

A

affects the persons ability to learn

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19
Q

The developmental stage of a child determines…

A

capability to learn

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20
Q

infant learning

A

hold infant firmly while smiling and speaking

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21
Q

toddler learning

A

use play to teach

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22
Q

preschooler learn

A

simple explanations and demostrations

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23
Q

school-age learn

A

psychomotor skills
discuss health problems

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24
Q

adolescent learn

A

use teaching as collaborative activity
allow to make decisions about health

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25
Q

Adults- self directed learn

A

critically think
direct own learning

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26
Q

adults- pt centered

A

collaborate with adults

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27
Q

young and middle-aged adults learn

A

-effects of health problem
- encourage participation

28
Q

older adults learn

A
  • teach when alert and rested
  • discussion or activity
  • individualize
29
Q

phycial capability influences on learning

A
  • level of personal involvement
  • energy
  • physical health
30
Q

Neurosensory issues

A
  • feel
  • see
  • hear
    -grasp
31
Q

health literacy affects the patients ability to

A

understand basic health care information
- read and write

32
Q

conflicting schedules - teacher

A

nurses time
pt availablility
lack of space and privacy

33
Q

teacher not seen as a

A

priority

34
Q

Teaching tactics

A

entrusting
reinforcing

35
Q

one to one

A

teacher presents to an indiviual patient

36
Q

Group

A

effiecent ~ more then one student

37
Q

Preparatory

A

provides inforamtion prior to a procedure

38
Q

most effective when

A

the patient observes the nurse

39
Q

Analogy

A

familiar images make complex ones understandable

40
Q

Simulation

A

problem- solving, application, and thinking

41
Q

Printed materials

A

patients literacy be assessed beforehand

42
Q

Follow with reinforcement

A
  • question and answer session
  • discussion of the material
  • printed materal
43
Q

teaching strategies

A

-establish trust
- short sessions

44
Q

teaching strategies are important why?

A

important to figure out at the beginning of the session

45
Q

Behaviors

A

observe abd evaluate pt abilities to perform desired behaviors

46
Q

Guildelines for older adults

A

only present most significant info

47
Q

types of tubes

A
  • NG tube
  • PEG tube
  • Button
48
Q

closed system

A

Nutritional solution added during manufacturing
system cannot be opened
safely hang for 24-36hours
more common

49
Q

open system

A

empty bag , can of nutrition to pour in bag
prepared by nurse at bedside
administered by enteral pump

50
Q

types of infusions

A

continuous
cyclic
intermittent
bolus

51
Q

contunuous nutrition

A

given over 24hour period using an enteral pump
- initial dose full strength at slow rate
-rate increased every 8-12 hours until goal reached
- HOB @ 30 degrees ALL TIMES
***risk for aspirations

52
Q

Cyclic Nutrition

A

-given in less than 24 hours
- pt may eat during day
- HOB @ least 30 degrees

53
Q

Intermittent Nutrition

A
  • Begin at full strength with specified volume
  • 5-8 feedings a day
  • given over 30 mins via enteric pump or syringe
  • GOAL** to provide needed calories and volume in 4-6 feedings
  • keep HOB up at least 1 hour after each feeding
54
Q

Bolus nutrition

A

Syringe is used to deliver forumla into stomach by gravity
- raising or lowering syringe regulates flow
- delivered more rapidily than intermittent feeding
- keep HOB 30 degree for at least 1 hour
- flush with 30ml of sterile water

55
Q

Enteral Nutrition

A

high risk for
- Diarrhea
- N/V
- Gas/bloating/cramping
- constipation
- dehydration
- hyperglycemia
BIGGEST RISK *** ASPIRATION

56
Q

signs of aspiration

A
  • cough
  • SOB
  • Gurgling
  • Raspy voice
57
Q

what should you do if aspiration is suspected

A

** Stop the feeding**
make sure the bed is elevated
turn pt on their right side
notify doc
check placement with order

58
Q

Assess before feeding - abdominal signs

A
  • Distenstion
  • Firm
  • Tense
  • Guarding
  • Discomfort
59
Q

Nausea

A
  • antiemetics
  • minimize narcotics
  • check for constipation
  • notify doc
60
Q

emesis

A

hold feeding
check for constipation
notify doctor

61
Q

Gastric residular checks in what pt populations?

A
  • critically ill surgery pts
    -critically ill trauma pts
  • head injury
  • postop abdominal surgery
  • Obtunded/vegetative state
62
Q

Gastric residual checks - to dos

A

1st put pt on right side for 20mins
- elevation 30 degrees
discontinue after 48-72hrs if <500ml and no abdominal signs present

63
Q

before proceeding with a feed

A
  • assess bowel sounds , presentation of abdominal, correct label on enteral tube
  • HOB @ 30 degrees or higher
  • is prepared feeding room temp?
  • is tubing primed?
64
Q

Checking tube placement steps

A
  • verify tube placement with xray
  • aspirate to assess tube patency
  • measure contents and return
  • flush with 30mL sterile water
  • Document findings
65
Q

DO NOT PROCEED IF….

A

if > 500 mL residual
- return resdual and flush 30mL sterile water
- recheck in 4hrs
- if still > 500 mL, hold tube feedings

66
Q

Gravity administration feedings

A
  • ensure HOB 30 degrees
  • Connect device and administer via gravity flow ~ slowly
  • flush with 30mL sterile water
  • keep HOB up at least 1 hour

IM 1 (34 decks)

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