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IM 1 > Body Mechanics > Flashcards

Body Mechanics Flashcards

1
Q

Skeletal muscle - what kind of movement?

A

involuntary and voluntary
- posture & movement
Contraction of skeletal muscles allows people to walk, talk, run, breathe, or physical activity

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2
Q

Smooth Muscle

A
  • digestive tract
  • bladder
  • blood vessels
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3
Q

Cardiac Muscle

A

Contracts spontaneously

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4
Q

Flexion

A

Toward the body

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5
Q

Extension

A

Away from the body

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6
Q

Hyperextension

A

Too far away from the body

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7
Q

Abduction

A

Away from the body

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8
Q

Adduction

A

Toward the body

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9
Q

Rotation

A

Moving the head from side to side

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10
Q

Circumduction

A

move in a circle

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11
Q

Types of soft tissue damage

A

Muscles, tendons, ligaments, joints, blood vessels, nerves, spinal disks

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12
Q

Patient risk factors

A

weak unable to help with transfers, vision or hearing loss, overweight, poor communication, unpredictable, uncooperative, experiencing pain

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13
Q

Nurse risk factors

A

previous injuries, does not follow policies or procedures, sleep deprivation, not trained properly, poor physical health

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14
Q

Task related risk factors

A

reaching, lifting, twisting while lifting, lifting heavy loads, long durations

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15
Q

Foundation of body mechanics

A
  • face the direction of movement
  • body alignment
  • center of gravity
  • balance
    base of support
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16
Q

Activity orders

A

a doctors order that defines the type and amount of activity a hospitalized patient may have

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17
Q

BR or CBR

A

bed rest/complete bed rest

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18
Q

BP and BRP

A

bedrest with bathroom priviliages

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19
Q

Up and lib

A

as patient want to/desires

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20
Q

Up as tolerated

A

as patient is able to tolerate

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21
Q

Dangle

A

Patient may sit and dangle their feet over the edge of the bed

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22
Q

Up in chair with assist

A

Patient may transfer from bed to chair with help

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23
Q

NWB

A

non weight bearing

24
Q

TDWB

A

touch down weight bearing

25
Q

TTWB

A

toe-touch weight bearing

26
Q

WBAT

A

weight bearing as tolerated

27
Q

FWB

A

full weight bearing

28
Q

Standard (Fall)

A
  • call light within reach
  • room free of clutter
  • belongings within reach
  • bed locked in lowest position
  • non-kid socks
29
Q

Moderate (fall)

A
  • fall magnet
  • yellow socks
  • yellow gown
30
Q

High (fall)

A
  • door opened
  • bed alarm/chair alarm
31
Q

HOB 90 degrees

A

high fowlers

32
Q

HOB raised to angle of 45 degrees or more

A

Fowlers

33
Q

HOB raised to 30 degrees

A

semi fowlers

34
Q

Fowlers position

A

The HOB is elevated 45 to 60 degrees, and the patients knees are slightly elevated without pressure to restrict circulation in the lower legs

35
Q

Supine position

A

patient rest on their backs.

36
Q

Prone position

A

pt lies face or chest down

37
Q

Sims position

A

pt places the weight on the anterior ileum, humerus, and clavicle

38
Q

Side-lying position

A

pt rests on the side with the major portion of the body weight dependent him and shoulder

39
Q

what four kinds of bones help make up the skeletal system?

A

Long, Short, Flat, and Irregular

40
Q

Trendelenburg bed position

A

entire bed tilted with head of bed down

41
Q

Reverse Trendelenburg bed position

A

entire bed tilted with foot of bed down

42
Q

Flat bed position

A

entire bed is horizontal to floor

43
Q

ambulation

A

the ability to walk

44
Q

gait

A

the manner of walking, normal gait places body weight fully on each leg in turn

45
Q

assisting with ambulation-
Evaluate

A

evaluate the environment for safety

46
Q

assisting with ambulation-
Obtain

A

obtain baseline BP

47
Q

assisting with ambulation-
dangle

A

dangle pt if indicated

48
Q

assisting with ambulation-
Support

A

Support the pt at their waist

49
Q

assisting with ambulation-
Return

A

Return pt to chair/bed of c/o dizziness or experiences syncope episode

50
Q

assisting with ambulation-
Support

A

Support pt with hemiplegia or hemiparesis

51
Q

assisting with ambulation-
Get help

A

When in doubt, get help

52
Q

Assistive devices

A

canes, crutches, and walker

53
Q

sizing crutches

A

-2-3 finger width space between axilla and top of crutch, prevents injury to brachial plexus nerves
- wrists should line up with the grab bars when arms are relaxed
- when grasping handgrips, elbow flexion should be 15-30 degrees

54
Q

Hemiplegia

A

Complete paralysis

55
Q

Hemiparesis

A

Partial weakness

IM 1 (34 decks)

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