Exam 4 - Stress and Steroids Flashcards
1
Q
alarm
A
- the initial state of arousal
- body’s initial defense mechanism
- fight or flight response
2
Q
norepinephrine
A
- vascular smooth muscle
- pupils
- decreased gastric secretion
- pancreas
3
Q
epinephrine
A
- heart
- lungs
- liver
- pancreas
4
Q
cortisol
A
- increase cardiac output and blood pressure
- decrease luteinizing hormones, estradiol, progesterone and testosterone
- increase levels of amino acids
- atrophy of lymph tissues
- limited increase in WBC
5
Q
aldosterone
A
- absorb Na+
- excrete K+ (and H+)
- water follows Na+
6
Q
resistance
A
- continued hormone and catecholamine release; counteract the effects of continued stress
- time limited
7
Q
exhaustion
A
- stressor is not relieved
- body can no longer achieve homeostasis (hypertrophy of adrenal cortex, atrophy of lymphatic tissue)
- depleted energy stores
- inability to adapt
8
Q
chronic stress
A
- negative impact on physical and mental well-being
-immunosuppresion from cortisol - decreased response of WBCs
9
Q
allostasis
A
- short term adaptation to the stressor
- survival
10
Q
allostatic load
A
- chronic stress
- long term dysregulation
11
Q
allostatic overload
A
- exhaustion
- stress-induced disease of disorder
12
Q
signs and symptoms of overload
A
- hair loss
- tension
- mouth sores
- asthma
- palpitations
- tics
- digestive disorders
- irritable bladder
- acne
- irregular menstrual cycle
- impotence
- sleep disturbances
13
Q
sleep deprivation
A
- irritability and moodiness
- apathy
- impaired memory
- poor judgment
- hallucinations can develop
14
Q
stress and disease
A
- coronary artery disease
- HTN
- stoke
- tension headaches
- rheumatoid arthritis
- autoimmune disease
- irritable bowel syndrome
- ulcers
- sexual disorders
- type 2 DM
15
Q
over production of stress hormones
A
- affects memory
- major depressive disorders
- immunosuppression
- increased risk of infection, autoimmune disorders, decreased healing, prolongation of existing infections
