Exam 3 - WBC Patho and CBC Interpretation

Question 1

RBCs - Erythrocytes

Answer 1

• most abundant type of cell
• primarily responsible for tissue oxygenation
• hemoglobin carries these gases

Question 2

WBCs - Leukocytes

Answer 2

• Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas
• granulocytes: neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
• agranulocytes: lymphocytes, monocytes/macrophages

Question 3

neutrophils

Answer 3

• most prevalent WBC
• first to arrive at site of inflammation
• bands and segs
• increase with acute bacterial infections and trauma

Question 4

lymphocytes

Answer 4

• T and B cells
• primary cells of immune response
• increase with chronic bacterial infection and acute viral infection

Question 5

monocytes

Answer 5

• phagocytosis cells
• increase with bacterial infections and cancers

Question 6

eosinophils

Answer 6

• increase with allergic reactions or parasitic infections
• worms, wheezes, and weird diseases

Question 7

basophils

Answer 7

• increase with allergic reactions
• hypersensitivities, inflammatory reactions

Question 8

hemoglobin

Answer 8

• measures amount of hemoglobin in your blood (oxygen carrying capacity)
• low: bleeding, folate/B12 deficiencies, cancers, kidney and liver diseases
• high: polycythemia, COPD, live in high altitude, heavy smoking

Question 9

hematocrit

Answer 9

• percentage of blood that is made up of packed RBCs
• interpreted in percentages
• low: anemia, bleeding, bleeding disorders, fluid imbalances
• high: polycythemia, COPD, dehydration, shock, congenital heart disease

Question 10

other red cell labs

Answer 10

• red cell count: number of erythrocytes in the blood
• mean corpuscle volume: size of erythrocytes
• mean corpuscle hemoglobin: amount of hemoglobin in erythrocyte by weight

Question 11

WBC total count

Answer 11

• increased: leukocytosis
• decreased: leukopenia
• decreased neutrophils: neutropenia
• total counts: degree of response to a pathological process

Question 12

what to look for with infection

Answer 12

• increased temperature
• fever not a disease but a sign that body is responding to an infection
• fever may decrease or stop growth of some microorganisms
• fever can improve immune response

Question 13

leukopenia

Answer 13

WBCs below normal ranges

Question 14

neutropenia

Answer 14

• low neutrophil count
• most often cancer patients
• susceptible to bacterial infections
• precautions: good hygiene, avoid sick people, avoid raw fruits veggies grains, no fresh flowers, keep door closed

Question 15

filgrastim

Answer 15

• leukopoietic growth factor produced by recombinant DNA technology
• MOA: promotes proliferation, differentiation, activation of cells that make granulocytes
• indications: malignancies, chemo induced leukopenia, bone marrow transplant, harvesting hematopoietic stem cells, chronic neutropenia
• routes: IV, SQ
• SE: bone pain, leukocytosis

Question 16

pegfilgrastim

Answer 16

• long acting derivative of filgrastim
• MOA: increased production of neutrophils
• route: SQ
• SE: bone pain
• pegylated = delayed kidney excretion by the kidneys
• half life increased to 17 hours