Exam 4 - Prostate Cancer

Question 1

Risks for Prostate Cancer

Answer 1

• Most Common cancer in men
• Age 50 +
• Genetics (HPCX)
• Hormonal changes with aging
• High fat diet
• Occupational exp to carcinogens

Question 2

What is the primary hormone that stimulates prostate growth?

Answer 2

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT)

Question 3

Pathophysiology of Prostate Cancer

Answer 3

• peripheral cell changes
• glandular tissue
• uneven; typically on peripheral can cause urinary interruption.

Question 4

What is the diagnostic triad for early detection of prostate cancer?

Answer 4

1. Digital Rectal Exam (DRE)
2. PSA Blood Test
3. Trans Rectal Ultrasound (TRUS) w/ biopsy

Question 5

Clinical Manifestations by: Early, Locally advance, and systemically advanced?

Answer 5

Early: No symptoms
Local Advanced: Urinary obstructive symptoms
Systemically Advanced: bone pain, pathological fracture, edema.

Question 6

Treatment

Answer 6

Surgery -
- RRP: Nerve-sparing Radical retropubic prostatectomy is a surgical procedure in which the prostate gland is removed through an incision in the abdomen. It is most often used to treat individuals who have early prostate cancer.
- Lap prostatectomy: RRP done laproscopicly
- DaVinci: nerve sparing, less incontinence
Radiation
Chemo
Watchful Waiting

Question 7

Postop care

Answer 7

• Pain mgmt for painful bladder spasms
• Concern for DVT
• Monitor Hbg/Hct for blood loss
• Foley cath for 2 wks
• Prevent rectal trauma
• Avoid long periods of sitting
• lifting restrictions
  After Cath removed: Kegel exercises, Possible phosphodiesterase inhibitors (viagra)