Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Med Surg > Exam 2 Meds Only > Flashcards

Exam 2 Meds Only Flashcards

1
Q

Which drug is given before and after surgery to increase gastric emptying?

A

(Reglan) Metocloprmide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Atropine

Pre-Op Usual Dose

A

0.4 mg IM 30-60 minutes before anesthesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Atropine

Side Effects

A

tachycardia
fever
flushed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Atropine

Pre-Op Uses

A

decrease pharyngeal secretions
decreases anxiety
reduces side effects of anesthesia agents
induce amnesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

glycopyrrolate (Robinul)

A

similar to Atropine

decrease pharyngeal secretions, decreases anxiety, reduce side effects of anesthesia agents, induce amnesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Scopolamine

Route

A

patch worn behind the ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Scopolamine

Uses

A

prevents nausea

decreases oral and respiratory secretions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Sedatives, Hypnotics, & Anxiolytics

Action

A

CNS Depressants

Someone can get a combo of drugs from these categories but they’ll be in smaller doses b/c they have an additive effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Sedatives, Hypnotics, & Anxiolytics

Subclasses

A

Benzodiazepines
Barbituates
Non-benzodiazepine/non-barbituate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Benzodiazepines

Action

A 
Potentiate GABA (gamaamniobutyric acid) -
an inhibitory neurotransmitter that results in CNS depression
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Benzodiazepines

Uses

A

decrease anxiety
induce sedation
amnesic effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Benzodiazepines

Examples

A

midazolam (Versed)
lorazepam (Ativan)

**benzos end in “lam” or “pam”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What anti-emetic drug is commonly given before, during and after surgery? Side effects?

A

(Zofran) ondansetron

Respiratory depression and lethargy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Common drug name for proton pump inhibitor. Prevents nausea and vomiting and gastric reflux. Reduces acidity.

A

(Prilosec) omeprazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What drugs potentiate GABA, decrease anxiety, induce sedation, have amnesic effects and create CNS depression.
Used for MAC induce neuromuscular relaxation and decrease muscle spasms.

A

(Versed) midazolam
(Ativan) lorazepam
-Both Benzodiazepines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

If these drugs are used you decrease the amount of anasthesia needed, decrease anxiety, increase pain control and cause sedation.

A

Opioids
Common mentioned in ppt
Morphine, fentanl (sublimaze) and hydromorphone (dilaudid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Mainly used to decrease pharyngeal secretions.

A

Atropine - An anticholinergic
Also decreases anxiety and reduces the effects of anasthetic agents.
Side effects are flushed, fever and tacycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Drug similar to atropine?

A

(Robinul) glycopyrrolate- an anticholinergic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Anticholinergic that prevents nausea and decreases respiratory secretions. Often a patch.

A

Scopolamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

metoclopramide (Reglan)

Uses

A

increases gastric emptying

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Neuromuscular Blocking agents

facilitate intibation and promote paralysis during general anasthesia

A

(Anectine)- succinylcholine
(Norcuron) - vecuronium
(Zemuron) - rocuronium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Antibiotics

Use

A

decrease risk of post-op wound infection

must monitor for allergic reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

General anesthesia Inhalation meds

Volatile liquids

A

(Forane)-isoflurane
(Suprane)-desflurane
(Ultane)-sevoflurane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

IV general anesthesia meds

barbituate with fast acting rapid induction

A

(Pentothal)-thiopental

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

IV general anesthesia meds

non-barbituate hypnotic

A

(diprivan)- propofol Michael Jackson :(

(Amidate) - etomidate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Most common meds used for MAC

A

Fentanol and versed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

treatment for malignant hyperthermia

A

Dantrolene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Opiod antagonist

A

Narcan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Narcotic analgesics

Examples

A

morphine
fentanyl (Sublimaze)
hydromorphone hydrochloride (Dilaudid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Narcotic analgesics

Uses

A

relieves pain
decreases anxiety
sedation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Opioids

Uses

A

relieve anxiety

diminish the amount of anesthesia needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)

Example

A

omeprazole (Prilosec)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

General Anesthesia

Step#4

A

Emergence

either let meds wear off or give anecdote to cause pt to wake up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Antiemetics

Examples

A

ondasetron (Zofran)

metoclopramide (Reglan)

35
Q

ondasetron (Zofran)

Side Effects

A

respiratory depression

lethargy

36
Q

ondasetron (Zofran)

Administered when?

A

given before, during, and after surgery

37
Q

metoclopramide (Reglan)

Uses

A

increases gastric emptying

38
Q

Name an adjuvant agent that decreases inflammation

A

Corticosteroids

39
Q

Name an adjuvant agent that relieves muscle spasms

A

Anxiolytics - Inhibits anxiety

40
Q

Name an adjuvant agent that is used for chronic pain

A

(Elavil) - a tricyclic antidepressant

41
Q

Types of Regional Anesthesia

A 
Spinal
Epidural
Caudal
Peripheral nerve block
IV regional extremity block
42
Q

Meds used to treat somrthing else and found to be useful in in treating other ailments as well.

A

Adjuvant agents

43
Q

metoclopramide (Reglan)

Administered when?

A

before and after surgery

44
Q

Antibiotics

Use

A

decrease risk of post-op wound infection

45
Q

Antibiotics

Timed administration

A

given within 1 hour of first incision and may be continued for 24 hours post-op

46
Q

Antibiotics

Type

A

broad spectrum

47
Q

General Anesthetics

Action

A

produce state of unconsciousness and whole body anesthesia by depressing CNS and blocking pain stimuli in cerebral cortex
(pt must be intubated)

48
Q

TIVA

A

total intravenous anesthesia

49
Q

Regional Anesthesia

Disadvantages

A 
nerve damage
urinary retention
spinal headache
difficult to position patients if they have arthritis 
patient may twitch during surgery
50
Q

General Anesthesia

Advantages

A

no movement, no twitches

51
Q

General Anesthesia

Disadvantages

A

severe hemodynamic changes
must monitor cardiovascular and respiratory systems
CNS depression
Depresses all vital centers of the body

52
Q

General Anesthesia

Step #1

A

Pre-induction

versed or ativan = to help pt relax and helps with induction phase of anesthesia

53
Q

General Anesthesia

Step #2

A

Induction

short acting med (ex: nitrous oxide) to produce unconsciousness and neuro blocking to cause paralysis

54
Q

General Anesthesia

Step #3

A

Maintenance

may have meds changed depending on length of surgery, keep client anesthetized

55
Q

General Anesthesia

Step#4

A

Emergence

either let meds wear off or give anecdote to cause pt to wake up

56
Q

Barbiturate IV General Anesthesia Med

A

thiopental (Pentothal)

rapid induction

57
Q

Nonbarbiturate Hypnotic IV General Anesthesia Meds

A

etomidate (Amidate)

proprfol (Dipravan)

58
Q

Inhalation (volatile liquids) General Anesthesia Meds

A

isoflurane (Forane)
desflurane (Suprane)
sevoflurane (Ultane)

**all end in -ane

59
Q

nitrous oxide

uses

A

potentiate volatile agents which speeds induction
reduces total dose of general anesthesia
good analgesic potency

60
Q

Neuromuscular Blocking Agents

Uses

A

facilitate intubation

promote neuromuscular relaxation (paralysis)

61
Q

Neuromuscular Blocking Agents

Examples

A

succinylcholine (Anectine)
vecuronium (Norcuron)
rocuronium (Zemuron)

62
Q

Reversal-anticholinesterase agents

A

neostigmine
pyridostigmine

**end in -stigmine

63
Q

Types of Regional Anesthesia

A 
Spinal
Epidural
Caudal
Peripheral nerve block
IV regional extremity block
64
Q

Spinal Regional Anesthesia

A

local anesthetic injected into subarachnoid space
involves lower half of body
does not affect consciousness

65
Q

Risks of Spinal Anesthesia

A

CNS depression if anesthetic reaches higher levels
infection
nerve damage

66
Q

Epidural Anesthesia

A

local anesthetic injected into epidural space a T, L, or S level
can become spinal block if the doc goes in too far

67
Q

Caudal Anesthesia

A

injected into the epidural space but into the sacral canal

68
Q

Peripheral Nerve Block

A

anesthetizes individual nerves or nerve plexuses

69
Q

IV Regional Extremity Block

A

injected into vein to anesthetize limb

70
Q

Regional Anesthesia

Advantages

A

no CNS depression

doesn’t impact respiratory or cardiovascular systems

71
Q

Regional Anesthesia

Disadvantages

A 
nerve damage
urinary retention
spinal headache
difficult to position patients if they have arthritis 
patient may twitch during surgery
72
Q

Topical Anesthesia

A

applied directly to the area to be desensitized

73
Q

Infiltration Anesthesia

A

injection of local anesthetic into skin or subcutaneous tissue
(similar to Novocaine at the dentist)

74
Q

Field Block Anesthesia

A

injection of anesthetic into area around incision. a deeper injection than infiltration, have to go layer by layer

75
Q

On-q Pump

A

needle is placed just under skin and delivers anesthesia for 24 hours

76
Q

Local Anesthetic

Disadvantages

A

skin irritation
may not work or be as effective
patient can still feel the pressure

77
Q

Monitored Anesthesia Care (MAC)

A

provides anxiolysis, amnesia, and analgesia while avoiding a depth of sedation that would require respiratory support. speeds up post-op recovery and lessens anesthetic risks. physician supervision is always required. resuscitative equipment nearby.
versed and fentanyl are the most common.

78
Q

acupuncture

A

ancient Chinese technique using insertion of needles into meridians of the body. may be related to gate control theory by stimulating larger sensory nerve fibers or triggering endorphins.

79
Q

crythermia

A

use of cold to induce anesthesia

80
Q

Elavil (tricyclic antidepressants) - adjuvant use

A

adjuvant agent used for chronic pain

81
Q

anxiolytics - adjuvant use

A

adjuvant agent used for muscle spasm

82
Q

corticosteroids - adjuvant use

A

adjuvant agent used to decrease inflammation

83
Q

anticonvulsant - adjuvant use
gabapentin (Neurontin)
pregabalin (Lyrica)

A

adjuvant agents used for neuropathic pain

Med Surg (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions