Exam 4 Practice Questions Flashcards
Impurities begin to be filtered out at the blood
the glomerulus (specifically the capillary bed)
The nephrons of the kidneys continuously filter the blood, producing ~180L of filtrate per day. How much of this filtrate is excreted as urine.
less than 1%
Glomerular filtration moves water and solutes
from the blood to the nephron
Tubular reabsorption moves water
from the nephron to the blood
What part of the nephron is regulated by the endocrine system for urine production and overall water balance
the collecting duct
What are each of the following(study image)
- glomerular capsule
- proximal
- proximal condiluted tubule
- nephron loop
- distal condiluted tubule
- collecting duct
In humans, how many chromosomes do diploid somatic cells have?
46
In humans, how many chromosomes do haploid gamete cells have?
23
During spermatogenesis, one primary spermatocyte will undergo meiosis to produce:
four spermatozoa
During oogenesis, one primary follicle is activated to produce
one ovum; three polar bodies
The testes produce:
testosterone; haploid gametes
The ovaries produce
haploid gametes
The corpus luteum produces
progesterone
Which of the following activates both spermatogenesis and ovulation?
luteinizing hormone(LH)
Following ovulation, levels of ovarian hormones(progesterone and estrogen) rise. If no fertilization occurs, what happens to ovarian hormone levels?
they decrease
Human chronic gonadotropin(hCG) is produced by:
none of the above
A zygote
contains chromosomes from both parents
Hemoglobin B is a protein that works to carry oxygen in erythrocytes. The gene encoding the hemoglobin B protein is found:
on chromosome 11 of all cells in the body
Fertilization occurs when a single sperm binds to the oocyte’s sperm binding receptors.
false
The primary germ layers that give rise to the tissues of a developing embryo are
the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm
Where does implantation typically occur?
the endometrium
Luteinizing hormone is required for
ovulation
The karyotype below is
a normal male
John says that all of chromosome 14 is a gene since its a long piece of DNA. Suzy says only the portions of chromosome 14 that encode proteins are genes. Who is right?
Suzy
Pete sends away his genetic ancestry to a commercial genetic analysis company. In the report, he learns that he carries two alleles for the Hbb gene, HbA, and HbS. Pete is, therefore:
heterozygous
The protein channels responsible for tubular reabsorption of water are:
aquaporins
Release of antidiuretic hormone(ADH) by the pituitary causes:
increased aquaporins in the collecting duct
Predict the outcome: A surge of antidiuretic hormone(ADH) is released from the pituitary:
decreased, concentrated urine will be produced
Urine is conveyed from the kidney to the bladder by:
the ureter
