Exam 1 Practice Questions

Question 1

Which of the following is used for biochemical energy?

Answer 1

ATP

Question 2

Which of the following are required to produce biochemical energy?

Answer 2

glucose and oxygen

Question 3

During digestion, the milk sugar lactose is broken down into simple sugars galactose and glucose. What type of reaction is this?

Answer 3

catabolic

Question 4

Which of the following produces CO2?

Answer 4

the krebs cycle

Question 5

Which of the following uses O2?

Answer 5

oxidative phosphorylation

Question 6

Which of the following is the most glycolytic form of exercise?

Answer 6

the 100 meter dash

Question 7

The NADH and FADH2 generated in the Krebs cycle is used ___________.

Answer 7

as a source of electrons for electron transport

Question 8

If the Krebs cycle is deactivated, which process is directly prevented?

Answer 8

electron transport

Question 9

Oxygen is crucial to ATP production because:

Answer 9

it is converted to H2O during electron transport

Question 10

Which of the following are outputs of the Krebs cycle:

Answer 10

NADH & CO2

Question 11

The proton (H+) gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane drives ATP synthase. What provides the electrons for proton pumping to create the gradient?

Answer 11

NADH

Question 12

Electron transport is crucial to ATP production. What molecule is responsible for receiving electrons in this process?

Answer 12

O2

Question 13

An agricultural pesticide prevents electron transport between NADH and Complex I. What effect will this have on metabolism?

Answer 13

proton pumping will be prevented

Question 14

Hormones are produced in endocrine glands. How do they reach their target cells?

Answer 14

bloodstream

Question 14

Hormones are produced in endocrine glands. How do they reach their target cells?

Answer 14

bloodstream

Question 15

Aldosterone is a hormone produced in the adrenal glands. Target cells for aldosterone are:

Answer 15

cells carrying aldosterone receptors

Question 16

Oxytocin is an amino acid-based hormone produced in the hypothalamus and secreted from the posterior pituitary. Where are oxytocin receptors found:

Answer 16

at the plasma membrane of target cells

Question 17

Estradiol is a hormone derived from cholesterol. After binding its receptor, how does estradiol affect its target cells?

Answer 17

by altering gene expression

Question 18

Under normal conditions, high blood glucose levels will stimulate:

Answer 18

insulin release

Question 19

A patient has repeated high blood glucose and normal insulin levels. The patient is:

Answer 19

type 2 diabetic

Question 20

A patient has repeated high blood glucose and normal insulin levels. The patient is:

Answer 20

iron

Question 21

Estrogen (female) and testosterone (male) are lipid-soluble hormones that are secreted at higher levels during puberty. Where are receptors for estrogen and testosterone found?

Answer 21

the cytoplasm of target cells

Question 22

EPO is produced by the kidneys. Where are the target cells for EPO located?

Answer 22

all tissues in body

Question 23

In the lab, a patient has a blood pH reading of 7.4. This is:

Answer 23

basic and normal

Question 24

A hematopoietic stem cell can give rise to __________.

Answer 24

erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets

Question 25

A patient has a hematocrit level of 42%. One month later, he has a hematocrit of 51%. What is the most likely explanation?

Answer 25

he is taking EPO injections

Question 26

A female patient has a hematocrit of 44%, a WBC count of 11,000/mL, and a temperature of 99.8 degrees. What is the most likely problem?

Answer 26

infection

Question 27

A patient with type AB blood receives a transfusion of type O blood. What will happen?

Answer 27

nothing

Question 28

A patient has a rare genetic mutation that causes decreased levels of the protein prothrombin. This individual is most likely to have:

Answer 28

hemophilia