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Ex Phys (ESC280) > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is considered the “thermostat” of the human body

A

Hypothalamus

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2
Q

Long-term acclimatization to altitude would result in which of the following

A

Increased mitochondrial density

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3
Q

What is the importance of an essential amino acid

A

They must be consumed in diet

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4
Q

What is the most common mineral deficiency called

A

Anemia

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5
Q

Which of the following cannot provide our body with energy

A

Caffeine

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6
Q

Which drug may improve shooting accuracy in elite shooters

A

Beta-blockers

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7
Q

Which of the following describes how convection influences thermoregulation

A

Replaces hot/humid air near the skin with cooler/dryer air

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8
Q

Which form of oral contraceptives does NOT cause aerobic performance to decline

A

Monophasic

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9
Q

How much water is typically lost in a day at rest

A

2.5 L

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10
Q

At what core body temperature (Fahrenheit) does the body start shutting down and requires immediate medical attention

A

104

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11
Q

What is the most abundant mineral in the body

A

Calcium

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12
Q

What is the body defense mechanism that can lead to frostbite

A

Vasoconstriction

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13
Q

fat-soluble vitamins

A

Include A, D, E, and K

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14
Q

Which of the following is known as a strong antioxidant

A

Vitamin C

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15
Q

Which of the following is a way that the body gains water

A

Aerobic metabolism

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16
Q

Who is blinded in a double-blinded study

A

Subjects and researcher

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17
Q

water-soluble vitamin

A

vitamins B and C

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18
Q

What is the most practical and convenient field assessment of hydration

A

Assessing body weight pre and post activity

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19
Q

Aerobic exercise performance is impaired at a high altitude because

A

There is a reduction in atmospheric pressure with increasing altitude

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20
Q

What factor should be paid attention to when reading supplement research

A
  • subjects
  • setting
  • dosage
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21
Q

What does a diuretic cause

A

Increase urine production

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22
Q

What energy system does a creatine supplement impact

A

ATP-PCr

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23
Q

When considering water leaving the body, which of the following can vary the most based on exercise

A

Sweating

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24
Q

What is impacted the most by cold temperature conditions

A

Anaerobic activities

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25
Q

What part of the body controls the thirst mechanism

A

Hypothalamus

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26
Q

Choose the best description of B vitamins

A

They are needed as coenzymes in metabolism

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27
Q

Dehydration is defined as a weight loss greater than what percentage of body weight

A

1 %

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28
Q

What would be an acute response/result be due to the stress on bioenergetic systems caused by being at a high altitude

A

Increased lactate concentrations

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29
Q

result from exposure to months of microgravity

A
  • reduced bone mass
  • decreased SV
  • atrophy of the heart
30
Q

Which of the following conditions may lead to pulmonary edema

A

Acute mountain sickness

31
Q

What is the caloric value of 3 grams of fat

A

27 kcal

32
Q

Which of the following is used to control electrolyte balance

A

Kidneys

33
Q

What is considered standard barometric pressure at sea level

A

760 mm Hg

34
Q

Approximately what percentage of your body weight is made up of water

A

60%

35
Q

What is thermoregulation

A

Ability to maintain constant internal temperature

36
Q

What combination of environmental factors increase the chance of dehydration the most

A

High humidity and high temperature

37
Q

Which nutrient can you only live a few days without consuming

A

Water

38
Q

What is the main role of iron in the human body

A

Oxygen transport

39
Q

Which of the following best describes a saturated fatty acid

A

All carbons have attached hydrogen except the acid end

40
Q

If an individual lost 4 pounds during a long practice, how much total water should they drink over the next few hours

A

6 pounds

41
Q

What is the purpose of the GI tract in regard to maintaining electrolyte balance

A

Absorb minerals

42
Q

An individual will typically start to lose muscular strength when dehydration levels get to what percentage of body weight loss

A

5%

43
Q

What does a beta-alanine supplement lead to that may be beneficial to anaerobic performance

A

Stabilizing blood pH

44
Q

function of water

A
  • maintain BV
  • fluid part of sweat
  • fluid part of blood
45
Q

Which gas is the most abundant in the air we breathe

A

Nitrogen

46
Q

adaptation that occurs after several weeks of exposure to a hot environment

A
  • lower concentration of electrolytes in sweat
  • earlier onset of sweating
  • increased plasma volume at rest
47
Q

What type of minerals may be present in only a few milligrams or even micrograms in the human body

A

Trace/Micro

48
Q

What is it that Beta-Hydroxy Beta-Methyl Butyrate (HMB) may be beneficial in reducing

A

Protein breakdown

49
Q

Which mineral is needed for all muscle actions

A

Calcium

50
Q

Which mineral is stored in your bones

A

Calcium

51
Q

Which electrolyte is found in the highest concentration in sweat

A

Sodium

52
Q

Which of the following factors will increase an individual’s susceptibility to dehydration

A

Wearing full football pads and helmet

53
Q

macronutrients

A

used to produce ATP

54
Q

What is the treatment plan for some suspected of heat stroke

A

Full body ice immersion

55
Q

Which system is stimulated by acute exposure to high elevation

A

Sympathetic nervous system

56
Q

Which of the following activities would be least affected by elevation

A

Shot put

57
Q

Food high on the glycemic index will:

A

Be released faster into the bloodstream

58
Q

What is the role of the kidneys in relation to electrolyte balance

A

Conserve sodium

59
Q

What does erythropoietin (EPO) increase

A

Hemoglobin

60
Q

Which of the following is an inorganic substance

A

Minerals

61
Q

branched amino acids

A

IVA

62
Q

Where in the body is carbohydrate stored

A

Liver

63
Q

Which of the following ergogenic aid would most likely cause weight gain as a side effect

A

Creatine

64
Q

Insufficient carbohydrate ingestion by an athlete may result in:

A

Less than optimal physiological adaptations to training

65
Q

Which type of hypoxia is attributed to altitude

A

Hypoxic

66
Q

Which mineral is needed for oxygen transport

A

Iron

67
Q

What is generally the most effective mechanism to help cool the body during exercise

A

Evaporation

68
Q

Which of the following describes the placebo effect in the context of researching ergogenic aids

A

Performance improved due to a subject believing what they were given was helpful, even if it was fake

69
Q

Which type of amino acids are produced in the human body

A

Nonessential

70
Q

What is the main way the body will gain heat during exercise indoors at room temperature

A

Muscle action (metabolism)

71
Q

In what situation will supplemental oxygen will be beneficial for healthy individuals

A

Hiking up to Pikes Peak (14,000 ft)

72
Q

How is hypobaric pressure defined

A

Pressure below the normal barometric pressure

Ex Phys (ESC280) (7 decks)

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